“中国制造”还具有劳动力成本比较优势吗?--基于动态评价模型的国际比较  

Does “Made in China” still Have Comparative Advantages in Labor Costs?--International Comparison Based on the Dynamic Evaluation Model

作　　者：钱诚 Qian Cheng(Institute of Public Administration and Human Resources,Development Research Center of the State Council,Beijing 100010)

机构地区：[1]国务院发展研究中心公共管理与人力资源研究所,北京100010

出　　处：《经济纵横》2020年第4期77-88,共12页Economic Review Journal

摘　　要：近年来,我国劳动力成本不断攀升,对于制造业是否仍具有劳动力成本优势,学界形成了不同看法。基于劳动力成本优势动态评价模型研究发现,与发达国家、东欧转型国家及周边东南亚国家相比,当前我国制造业就业规模优势仍然显著,虽然劳动力绝对成本优势减弱,但劳动生产率稳步提高,与发达国家差距不断缩小,与周边国家相比我国制造业依然具有相对成本较低的优势。为适应产业转型升级,推动制造业高质量发展,我国应加快调整人口政策、进一步加大人力资本投资、深化收入分配改革及加强人力资源市场建设。In recent years,labor costs have been rising in China,and there are different views on whether China’s manufacturing industry still has labor cost advantages. We constructed a dynamic evaluation model and analyzed the changes of labor cost advantages in China. The study found that China still enjoys the significant advantages in terms of employment scale,and labor productivity has steadily increased,but the absolute cost advantage of labor has weakened compared with developed countries,countries in transition in Eastern Europe,and Southeast Asian countries. We put forward policy recommendations such as accelerating population policy adjustments,further increasing human capital investment,deepening income distribution reforms,and strengthening human resource market construction.

关 键 词：劳动力成本优势 动态评价模型 制造业 国际比较 

分 类 号：F249.24[经济管理—劳动经济]