自我认知与发展战略——中俄“带盟”对接的现状与阻碍对接的原因分析  

Self-perception and Development Strategy:How to Integrate the Belt and Road Initiative with the Eurasian Economic Union

作　　者：欧阳向英[1] 房晓辉[2] Ouyang Xiangying;Fang Xiaohui

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院世界经济与政治研究所 [2]瑞典斯德哥尔摩大学商学院

出　　处：《国际经济评论》2020年第3期58-74,5,共18页International Economic Review

摘　　要：自我认知和发展战略看似与“带盟”对接不相关,却在深层决定了中国与俄罗斯在民族心理和前行方向上的差异,因此会影响中俄合作的深度、规模和走向。自我认知关注的是“我是谁”这个问题,对于俄罗斯民族而言主要有西化派、斯拉夫派和欧亚派。发展战略关注的是“怎么办”这个问题,在现实层面表现为“向东还是向西”“孤立还是合作”。苏联解体后,俄罗斯似乎始终没有回答清楚“我是谁”和“怎么办”的问题,折射出其发展中的思想障碍。这个障碍无形地存在于俄精英层,尤其是知识分子中间,因而造成了他们思想上的矛盾和分裂。乌克兰危机后,新欧亚主义前所未有地占据上风,但西化派和斯拉夫派树大根深,导致俄精英层部分人士对东向战略持有戒心,在某种程度上阻碍了中国的“一带一路”与俄罗斯的“欧亚经济联盟”进行深入对接。“带盟”对接的实质性深化,有待剔除某种极端主义倾向的新欧亚主义在俄罗斯精英层得到更深刻的认同,有待欧亚大陆一体化作为国家发展战略得到更广泛更有力的支撑。Self-perception and development strategy seem to have nothing to do with the integration of China’s Belt and Road Initiative and Russia’s Eurasian Economic Union,but since they are the in-depth factors defining the differences in the national psychology and orientation of development between China and Russia,they can influence the depth,scale and direction of Sino-Russian cooperation.Self-perception concerns the question of“who I am”and Russia can be divided into Western,Slavic and Eurasian groups.Development strategy concerns the issue of“how to do”,which in reality can be translated into a choice between“east and west”and between“isolation and cooperation.”After the collapse of the Soviet Union,Russia has never seemed to clearly answer the questions of“who I am”and“how to do it”,reflecting the ideological barriers to its development.This obstacle exists invisibly among the Russian elite,especially intellectuals,thus creating ideological contradictions and divides.After the Ukraine crisis,the group of new Eurasiaism had the upper hand like never before,but influence of the Western and Slavic groups remains significant,leading to some members of the Russian elite being wary of the eastward strategy,to some extent preventing integration of China’s Belt and Road Initiative with Russia’s Eurasian Economic Union strategy.The substantial deepening of the“Belt Alliance”integration depends on prevention of the Russian elite from further accepting the extremist tendencies of new Eurasiaism and provision of broader and stronger support for Eurasian integration as a national development strategy.

关 键 词：“带盟”对接 自我认知 国家战略 新欧亚主义 欧亚经济联盟 

分 类 号：D822.351.2[政治法律—政治学] F125[政治法律—外交学]