输血患者1600例输血前不规则抗体检测结果分析  

Analysis of irregular antibody detection in 1600 patients before blood transfusion

作　　者：郭刚[1] 赵妮 王丽萍 GUO Gang;ZHAO Ni;WANG Li-ping(Department of Blood Transfusion,Yan'an University Affiliated Hospital,Yan'an,Shaanxi 716000,China)

机构地区：[1]延安大学附属医院输血科,陕西延安716000 [2]延安大学附属医院东关心脑血管医院检验科,陕西延安716000

出　　处：《中国临床研究》2020年第4期521-523,共3页Chinese Journal of Clinical Research

摘　　要：目的探讨输血前进行不规则抗体检测对临床安全用血的意义。方法在延安大学附属医院2018年1月至2019年1月收治需输血治疗的患者中连续选取1600例为研究对象,在患者输血前采用Coombs卡行不规则抗体检测,随后进行交叉配血实验,并观察患者的检测结果。结果在1600例患者(男950例,女650例)中,检出不规则抗体阳性15例,不规则抗体阳性检出率为0.9%,其中男性3例,女性12例,男性不规则抗体阳性率为0.3%(3/950),女性不规则抗体阳性率为1.8%(12/650),不规则抗体阳性率男性显著低于女性,差异具有统计学意义(χ^2=9.733,P<0.01)。15例不规则抗体阳性患者,最多的为Rh血型系统7例;其次为MNS血型系统3例,Kidd、Duffy、Lewis、Diego、Do血型系统各1例。对15例患者进行交叉配血实验,未发现有溶血性输血反应。在对不规则抗体阳性输血者进行特异性检测时,有10例确定特异性抗体(抗-D 1例、抗-E 3例、阴性抗-Ce 1例、抗-Ee 1例、抗-JKh 1例、抗-Fya 1例、抗-Lea 1例、抗-Mur 1例),5例未确定特异性抗体。结论对患者输血前行不规则抗体检测有助于临床安全用血,以有效避免因抗体所引起的溶血性输血反应,对临床用血安全具有重要意义。Objective To explore the significance of irregular antibody detection before blood transfusion for safe use of blood in clinic.Methods A total of 1600 patients needing blood transfusion in the Affiliated Hospital of Yan'an University from January 2018 to January 2019 were selected as the subjects.Before blood transfusion,the irregular antibody was identified using Coombs card,and then cross matching experiment was carried out to observe the detection results of patients.Results Of the 1600 patients,there were 950 male and 650 female,and 15 were positive for irregular antibody(0.9%),including 3 males and 12 females.The positive rate of irregular antibodies in males was significantly lower than that in females(0.3%vs 1.8%,χ^2=9.733,P<0.01).In 15 patients with irregular antibody positive,the test results showed that 7 patients were Rh blood group system,followed by 3 patients with MNS blood group system and 1 patients with Kidd,Duffy,Lewis,Diego,Do,respectively.Blood cross matching test in 15 patients showed no hemolytic transfusion reaction.Specificity test determined specific antibodies in 10 cases(anti-D 1,anti-E 3,and negative anti-Ce 1,anti-Ee 1,anti-JKh 1,anti-Fya 1,anti-Lea 1 and anti-Mur 1),and 5 cases had no specific antibodies.Conclusion The detection of irregular antibody before blood transfusion is helpful to clinical safe blood use,effectively avoid hemolytic transfusion reaction caused by antibody.

关 键 词：输血 不规则抗体检测 交叉配血 安全用血 

分 类 号：R457.11[医药卫生—治疗学]