电磁卫星地震应用进展及未来发展思考  

The Seismic Application Progress in Electromagnetic Satellite and Future Development

作　　者：张学民[1] 钱家栋[1] 申旭辉[2] 刘静[1] 王亚璐 黄建平[2] 赵庶凡 欧阳新艳[1] ZHANG Xue-min;QIAN Jia-dong;SHEN Xu-hui;LIU Jing;WANG Ya-lu;HUANG Jian-ping;ZHAO Shu-fan;OUYANG Xin-yan(Institute of Earthquake Forecasting,China Earthquake Administration,Beijing 100036,China;Institute of Crustal Dynamics,China Earthquake Administration,Beijing 100085,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地震局地震预测研究所,北京100036 [2]中国地震局地壳应力研究所,北京100085

出　　处：《地震》2020年第2期18-37,共20页Earthquake

基　　金：中国地震科学试验场(2018CSES0203);国家重点研发计划(2018YFC1503506);国家自然基金项目(41674156);国际空间科学学会(ISSI-BJ,IT2019-33)。

摘　　要：法国DEMETER(Detection of Electro-Magnetic Emissions Transmitted from Earthquake Regions)卫星是世界上第一颗专门针对地震电离层扰动监测的电磁卫星,于2004年发射,2010年底结束运行,共在轨飞行6.5年,获得3万多条整轨数据,为地震监测及电离层物理研究提供了坚实的数据基础。全球科学家利用这颗卫星的数据开展了大量的地震应用研究,发表文章上百篇,将电磁卫星的地震应用研究推向了新的阶段。中国第一颗电磁监测试验卫星CSES(China Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite)于2018年2月2日成功发射,目前已完成在轨测试并交付使用,科学数据也已正式对外发布。如何充分发挥CSES卫星的应用效能,将空间电磁监测向业务化运行转化,总结和思考DEMETER卫星的技术进步、研究成果及曾经出现过的问题,十分重要。因此,本文着重介绍DEMETER卫星在地震监测应用领域的代表性研究进展,并结合CSES卫星的设计和运转实践,对未来空间地震电磁探测及科学研究的发展方向进行一些初步讨论。DEMETER(Detection of Electro-Magnetic Emissions Transmitted from Earthquake Regions)satellite,the first electromagnetic satellite specially aiming to earthquake monitoring in the world,was launched in 2004 by France,and ended in the end of 2010,with operating time of 6.5 years.The data along more than 30000 orbits were obtained,which provided a solid data foundation for the research in earthquake monitoring and ionospheric physics.Scientists in many countries carried out a number of earthquake application studies by using the data from this satellite,with hundreds of paper published,and pushed the research in seismo-electromagnetic satellite to a new peak.CSES(China Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite),the first space satellite for geophysical field detection in China,was successfully launched on February 2,2018.At present,its in-situ commission has been finished,and the satellite has been put into service,with the scientific data released to the public officially.Under this condition,it is important to summarize and retrospect the improvement and achievements in technology and science from DEMETER,in order to maximize the effectiveness of CSES,and transform the space electromagnetic detection to the operational run in earthquake investigation.The remarkable progresses from DEMETER satellite will be introduced in this paper,and the future development domains are suggested in space electromagnetic detection technology and scientific research combined with the characteristics in CSES satellite.

关 键 词：DEMETER卫星 CSES卫星 地震电磁扰动 卫星数据分析 

分 类 号：P352.7[天文地球—空间物理学]