试论卫星发射第三方责任保险在分散空间第三者责任中的重要作用  

Role of Third Party Liability Insurance of Satellite Launch in Dispersing the Third Party Liability of Space

作　　者：王强[1] 桂文东 宾佳珺 WANG Qiang;GUI Wen-dong;BIN Jia-jun(PICC Property and Casualty Company Limited,Beijing 100020,China;PICC Property and Casualty Company Limited,Xi an Branch,Xi an 710077,China;PICC Pension Company Limited,Beijing 100020,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民财产保险股份有限公司,北京100020 [2]中国人民财产保险股份有限公司西安市分公司,西安710077 [3]中国人民养老保险有限责任公司,北京100020

出　　处：《空间碎片研究》2020年第1期39-43,共5页Space Debris Research

摘　　要：随着航天技术的不断进步,特别是商业航天的不断发展,巨型小卫星星座的部署将使航天发射的数量特别是近地轨道卫星数量的增速远远超过过去的60年,按照每年3~4颗卫星被碎片击中估计,空间碎片问题将愈加严重。卫星发射第三方责任险赔付的对象包含了由空间物体导致损害的第三方,是为了解决卫星发射产生的潜在第三方责任而量身定制的一款保险产品。本文结合我国航天发射项目卫星发射第三方责任险承保实践,就卫星发射第三方责任保险在承保标的覆盖、责任限额、保险期限、管理机制、理赔处理等方面如何更好地在巨型小卫星星座快速部署的情况下,分散、转移空间碎片风险所涉及的相关问题进行讨论。With the continuous progress of space technology,especially the continuous development of commercial space,the deployment of the large constellation of small satellites will make the number of space launches,especially the number of LEO satellites,develop much faster than in the past 60 years.According to the estimation that 3-4 satellites are hit by debris every year,the problem of space debris will become more and more serious.The third party liability insurance for satellite launch covers the third party causing damage by space object.It is a customized insurance product to solve the potential third-party liability arising from satellite launch.Based on the underwriting practice of the third party liability insurance of satellite launch,this paper discusses how the third party liability insurance of satellite launch can disperse and transfer the risk of space debris better under the condition of rapid deployment of giant small satellite constellation in terms of coverage,liability limit,insurance period,management mechanism and claim settlement.

关 键 词：卫星发射 第三方责任险 分散 空间碎片责任 

分 类 号：D999.1[政治法律—国际法学]