宁东能源化工基地土地变化及其对生境质量的影响  

Assessment on land transfer and habitat quality in Ningdong energy and chemical industry base

作　　者：马永强[1] 石云[1,2] 郝姗姗 赵金涛 徐志友 牛保安 Ma Yong-qiang;Shi Yun;Hao Shan-shan;Zhao Jin-tao;Xu Zhi-you;Niu Bao-an(College of Resources and Environment,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China;Ningxia(China-Arab)Laboratory of Resources Evaluation and Environmental Regulation in Arid Regions,Yinchuan 750021,China;The Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Monitoring Station of Soil and Water Conservation,Yinchuan 750021,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学资源环境学院,银川750021 [2]宁夏(中阿)旱区资源评价与环境调控实验室,银川750021 [3]宁夏水土保持监测总站,银川750021

出　　处：《兰州大学学报（自然科学版）》2020年第1期118-124,共7页Journal of Lanzhou University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41161081);宁夏自然科学基金项目(NZ16027).

摘　　要：以宁夏宁东能源化工基地为例,利用土地利用转移流和活跃度分析土地利用时空动态变化,InVEST模型评价生境质量,将其划分为优、良、中和低4个等级,探究区域土地转移对生态环境质量时空格局的影响.研究结果表明:研究区土地利用变化呈现城镇快速扩张和工业用地集聚特征,不同开发建设时期的土地转移关系、转移流净值和单一动态度特征存在显著差异;综合动态度特征保持较高水平,开发建设初期-中期-后期呈现逐渐降低趋势;不同时段土地利用信息熵特征保持较高水平(稳定在0.33及以上),证明研究区土地系统不稳定,特征随开发建设时期的发展呈现降低趋势,表明研究区土地系统在向较稳定状态发展;宁东能源化工基地生物多样性功能具有较高水平,以优等级和一般等级为主,差等级面积逐年增加,人为扰动对生态环境的破坏更加强烈;InVEST模型在新型工业园区生态环境质量评价、生态恢复及重建研究中具有普适性.研究结论能够为当地生态恢复和重建提供理论依据和科学指导.Taking Ningdong Energy and Chemical Industry Base of Ningxia as an example,the spatial and temporal dynamic changes of land use were analyzed on the basis of land use transfer flow and activity concept.Moreover,the InVEST-Habitate Quality model was used to evaluate the habitat quality that was divided into four grades,i.e.excellent,good,medium and low so as to characterize the advantages and disadvantages of biodiversity functions.Finally,the impact of regional land transfer on the spatial and temporal patterns of biodiversity functions were explored.The results showed that the land use changes in the study area were characterized by rapid urban expansion and industrial land agglomeration.There were significant differences in land transfer relationship,net transfer value and single dynamic degree in different development and construction periods;Comprehensive dynamic characteristics maintained a high level,but its development-construction was gradually decreasing at the initial-intermediate-late stage.The characteristics of information entropy of land use in different periods were prominent,and the value was stable at 0.33 and above,proving that the land system in the study area was unstable and,what was more,the development showed a downward trend,indicating that the land system in the study area was developing in a more stable state.The biodiversity function of the Ningdong base maintained a high level and a stable state.It mainly included the superior grade and general grade,but the poor grade area increased year by year.Additionally,the damage caused by human disturbances was getting more intense.The InVEST model was universal in the ecological environment quality assessment,ecological restoration and reconstruction in new industrial parks.The conclusions can provide a theoretical basis and scientific guidance for local ecological restoration and reconstruction.

关 键 词：土地利用转移流 生物多样性功能 宁东能源化工基地 

分 类 号：Q988[生物学—生态学]