导叶开度对混流式水轮机尾水管内流动特性的影响  

Effect of Guide Vane Opening on Flow Characteristics of Draft Tube for Francis Turbine

作　　者：史广泰[1,2] 徐清清 刘宗库 李金 SHI Guang-tai;XU Qing-qing;LIU Zong-ku;LI Jin(Key Laboratory of Fluid and Power Machinery of Ministry of Education,Xihua University,Chengdu 610039,China;School of Energy and Power Engineering,Xihua University,Chengdu 610039,China)

机构地区：[1]西华大学流体及动力机械教育部重点实验室,四川成都610039 [2]西华大学能源与动力工程学院,四川成都610039

出　　处：《水电能源科学》2020年第3期145-147,137,共4页Water Resources and Power

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金特别资助(2017T100077);中国博士后科学基金面上资助(2016M600090);西华大学重点科研基金资助(Z1510417);四川省教育厅科研项目资助(重点项目)(172470)。

摘　　要：为了深入研究尾水管内的流动特性,结合某电站混流式水轮机的实际运行情况,基于标准的κ-ε湍流模型,选用Fluent软件在额定水头不同导叶开度下对其进行全流道数值模拟,分析了不同导叶开度对混流式水轮机尾水管内部流动特性的影响。结果表明,当导叶开度为100%时尾水管内部形成了周期空化涡带,此涡带的存在易导致水轮机机组产生强烈振动;当导叶开度较小时,尾水管内速度分布较为均匀;尾水管进口段的压力分布情况对导叶开度的变化较为敏感,可通过合理控制导叶开度来减小尾水管内的水力振动,降低水力损失。In order to study the flow characteristics of the draft tube,taking a Francis turbine of a certain hydropower station as the study object,based on the standard k-epsilon turbulence model,Fluent software was used to analyze the influence of different guide vane openings with the rated head on the flow characteristics of the draft tube of the Francis turbine.The results show that a periodic cavitation vortex is formed inside the draft tube under 100%guide vane opening,which will cause strong vibrations in the turbine unit;Besides,the pressure distribution of the inlet section of the draft tube is sensitive to the changes of the guide vane opening,the hydraulic vibration and the hydraulic loss can be reduced by reasonable control of the vane opening in the draft tube.

关 键 词：导叶开度 尾水管涡带 混流式水轮机 流动特性 

分 类 号：TK730[交通运输工程—轮机工程]