2011-2016年哈尔滨市乙肝流行特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis B in Harbin from 2011 to 2016 and study on prevention and control strategies

作　　者：范晨璐[1,2] 李玺琨 姜立坤[1] 张欣[2] 张在宏 刘木子 李岩[1] FAN Chen-lu;LI Xi-kun;JIANG Li-kun;ZHANG Xin;ZHANG Zai-hong;LIU Mu-zi;LI Yan(Harbin Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Harbin Heilongjiang,150056,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨市疾病预防控制中心,黑龙江哈尔滨150056 [2]哈尔滨医科大学中国疾病预防控制中心地方病控制中心,黑龙江哈尔滨150081

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2020年第8期1368-1371,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：黑龙江省卫生健康委立项科研课题(2019-243);中国乙肝防控科研基金课题(YGFK20180043)。

摘　　要：目的分析哈尔滨市2011-2016年乙肝报告发病现状,评价乙肝防控效果,为哈尔滨市有效控制乙肝发病提供建议。方法利用2011-2016年《中国疾病预防控制信息系统》中《传染病报告信息管理系统》中乙肝报告发病数据,运用描述流行病学方法比较不同地区、年龄、职业等发病情况。结果 2011-2016年,哈尔滨市乙肝发病率由2011年的30.85/10万下降到2016年的24.87/10万;发病率最高的年龄组为60岁^(36.14/10万),其次为30岁^(34.51/10万)、25岁^(34.36/10万);男性/女性全部/急性乙肝平均发病率分别为30.35/10万、22.53/10万和5.62/10万、3.15/10万,均呈现为男性均高于女性;农民、家务及待业、工人病例居前3位,分别占总病例数的60.55%、20.33%和4.04%;高发地区为延寿县、五常市、木兰县,平均发病率分别为81.58/10万、70.36/10万和65.89/10万;2011-2016年未分类乙肝病例占比逐年降低,慢性乙肝占比逐年增加,急性乙肝占比呈现上升趋势。结论 2011-2016年哈尔滨市乙肝发病整体呈现下降趋势,特别是20岁以下人群防控措施效果明显;需要加强成年人乙肝防控工作,特别是薄弱地区和重点人群。Objective The aim of this study was to analyze the epidemiological trends of hepatitis B reported in Harbin city from 2011 to 2016, and to evaluate the impact of prevention and control strategies. Methods Hepatitis B reports were obtained from the National Notifiable Disease Reporting System, and descriptive methods were used to compare the incidence of reported hepatitis B by age, region, occupation and so on. Results From 2011 to 2016, the incidence of hepatitis B in Harbin decreased from 30.85/100,000 in 2011 to 24.87/100,000 in 2016. The highest age group was 60-year-old(36.14/100,000), followed by 30-year-old(34.51/100,000) and 25-year-old(34.36/100,000). The incidence of hepatitis B in male was higher than that in female. The proportions of farmers, house workers and unemployed workers were 60.55%, 20.33%and 4.04%, ranking the top three. The high incidence areas were Yanshou, Wuchang and Mulan, with an average incidence of 81.58/100,000, 70.36/100,000 and 65.89/100,000, respectively. In terms of the composition of hepatitis B cases, the proportion of unclassified hepatitis B cases decreased year by year, while the proportion of of chronic hepatitis B increased year by year. Conclusion From 2011 to 2016, the overall incidence of hepatitis B in Harbin showed a downward trend,especially in the population under 20 years old. It is necessary to strengthen the prevention and control of hepatitis B in adults, especially in weak areas and key groups.

关 键 词：乙型病毒性肝炎 流行病学 策略 

分 类 号：R181[医药卫生—流行病学]