珠海市居民交通伤害死亡状况及疾病负担研究  

Research on death causes and disease burden of traffic injury among residents in Zhuhai

作　　者：曾超[1] 张恒秋[1] 周勇[1] 梁小冬[1] 赵阳阳 郭文燕 ZENG Chao;ZHANG Heng-qiu;ZHOU Yong;LIANG Xiao-dong;ZHAO Yang-yang;GUO Wen-yan(Department of Epidemic Prevention and Control,Zhuhai Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zhuhai,Guangdong 519060,China)

机构地区：[1]珠海市疾病预防控制中心流行病防制所,广东珠海519060

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2020年第8期1497-1501,共5页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：珠海市科技计划医疗卫生项目(20181117B020016)。

摘　　要：目的探讨2011-2016年珠海市户籍居民交通伤害死亡原因及疾病负担情况,为制定交通伤害相关防控策略提供科学依据。方法利用2011-2016年珠海市户籍居民交通伤害死因监测数据,计算死亡率、标化死亡率、年度变化百分比(APC)、潜在寿命损失年(PYLL)、PYLL率等指标。率的检验采用χ^2检验。结果 2011-2016年珠海市户籍居民交通伤害死亡率为6.58/10万,其中男性10.48/10万,女性2.53/10万,男性明显高于女性(χ^2=156.78,P<0.01);交通伤害死亡率及标化死亡率在6年间总体均下降,从7.97/10万(7.57/10万)下降至4.82/10万(4.13/10万)。交通伤害死亡人群以骑摩托车者、行人、骑自行车者为主,占交通伤害总死因的85.39%;交通伤害死亡年龄分布主要在20~59岁的青年和中年人群,占所有年龄死亡65.66%。2011-2016年珠海市户籍居民去除交通伤害后人均寿命增加0.21岁,总的潜在减寿年数(PYLL)为15 894.63人年,平均减寿年数(AYLL)为36.88人年;2011-2016年,珠海市户籍居民因交通伤害造成的PYLL和PYLLR总体呈下降趋势,PYLL下降39.03%,PYLLR下降43.81%。结论交通伤害已成为珠海市户籍居民伤害的主要死因,2011-2016年珠海市交通伤害死亡水平和PYLLR均下降,男性交通伤害疾病负担远高于女性,应重点加强对青壮年男性的交通伤害干预。Objective To analyze death causes and disease burden of traffic injury in Zhuhai from 2011 to 2016,so as to provide evidence for the development of traffic injury prevention and control strategies. Methods Use the monitoring data of death caused by traffic injuries in residents of Zhuhai in 2011-2016 to calculate the mortality, SMR, APC, PYLL and PYLL rate, etc. Chi-square test was used to analyze the rate. Results Mortality rate from traffic injury among residents of Zhuhai from 2011 to 2016 was 6.58/100000;the mortality among males and females was 10.48/100000 and 2.53/100000,respectively;the mortality in males was significantly higher than that in females(χ^2=156.78, P<0.01). Both mortality rate and standardized mortality rate showed a decreasing trend during the 6 years, which decreased from 7.97/100000(7.57/100000) in2011 to 4.82/100000(4.13/100000) in 2016. The majority of traffic injury deaths are motorcyclists, pedestrians, and cyclists,accounting for 85.39% of the total deaths. The deaths occurred mainly in the people aged from 20 to 59 years old, accounting for 65.66% of the total traffic injury deaths in the city. The life expectancy could increase by 0.21 year after removing the death by traffic accident in Zhuhai from 2011 to 2016. Potential years of life lost due to traffic accident was 15894.63 person-year, and AYLL was 36.88 person-year. The PYLL and PYLLR of traffic injury decreased in Zhuhai from 2011 to2016,and the decrease of PYLL and PYLLR was 39.03% and 43.81%, respectively. Conclusion Traffic injury has become the main death cause among the injury deaths in Zhuhai. The death level and PYLLR of traffic injuries in Zhuhai shows a downward trend from 2011 to 2016. The disease burden in males is much higher than that in females. Therefore, interventions should focus more on young and middle-aged males.

关 键 词：交通伤害 死亡率 潜在寿命损失 疾病负担 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]