Z箍缩等离子体X射线产生及应用分析  

Analysis for generation and application of X-rays from Z-pinch plasma

作　　者：杨海亮 邱爱慈 陈伟 王亮平 李沫 张金海 孙凤举 张鹏飞 吴撼宇 丛培天 吴伟 吴刚 Hailiang Yang;Aici Qiu;Wei Chen;Liangping Wang;Mo Li;Jinhai Zhang;Fengju Sun;Pengfei Zhang;Hanyu Wu;Peitian Cong;Wei Wu;Gang Wu(State Key Laboratory of Intense Pulsed Radiation Simulation and Effect,Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology,Xi’an 710024,China)

机构地区：[1]西北核技术研究院强脉冲辐射环境模拟与效应国家重点实验室,西安710024

出　　处：《科学通报》2020年第11期966-972,共7页Chinese Science Bulletin

摘　　要：MA级脉冲大电流通过丝阵或气体等负载放电时,负载被加热电离形成等离子体.等离子体在流过自身的轴向大电流产生自磁场的洛仑兹力作用下,向轴线作内聚运动发生自箍缩,最终在对称轴附近滞止,动能转换成等离子体内能,提高了等离子体温度,通过线辐射、复合辐射和轫致辐射产生脉冲强X射线[1].Z箍缩(Z-pinch)等离子体终态形状为沿轴线的线状流体;θ箍缩是由角向电流引起的箍缩,其等离子体终态形态为沿角向分布的流体.The Z-pinch plasma radiation sources have recently provided the most powerful and energetic laboratory sources of multi-ke V photons.The X-ray produced by Z-pinch plasma can be used to study the thermodynamic effect and the system-generated electromagnetic pulse effect,and to study the physical processes such as the conversion of X-ray deposition energy into internal energy and kinetic energy in the material.The impulse coupling mechanism and coupling coefficient of X-ray in different structure composites were obtained,the electromagnetic pulse effect of electronic components was studied experimentally,and the physical problems such as the non-linear interaction between strong pulse electron and electromagnetic field caused by X-ray photoelectric effect and Compton effect were analyzed.The parameters of X-ray for the study of thermodynamic effect of materials and electromagnetic pulse effect of electronic component system are presented,and the typical results of the study of radiation effect using Z-pinch plasma X-ray are introduced.The average energy produced by Z-pinch plasma is 0.21 ke V,the average half-width is 36 ns and the average energy flux is 143 J cm-2 on Qiangguang I accelerator.The measured coupling coefficient of injection impulse is 0.70 Pa s J-1 cm2.When the energy distribution of X-ray is 0.1-1.2 ke V,the pulse width is 34-63 ns and the energy flux is 48-156 J cm-2,the impulse coupling coefficient is 0.44-0.76 Pa s J-1 cm2 in Al material.The parameters such as energy spectrum,yield,irradiated area and uniformity of X-ray produced by Z-pinch load of different materials and structures driven by 30 MA current are given.The total output of characteristic X-ray of^3 ke V is about 607 k J with an average energy fluence of 103 J cm-2 at 20 cm and an irradiation area of 300 cm2,the uniformity of energy fluence is 90%.In order to obtain harder X-ray,Mo,Ag,In,Sn,W wire array loads can be used to generate^17,22,24,25,59.3 ke V X-ray using non-thermal X-ray emission mechanism.In order to improve the efficien

关 键 词：洛仑兹力 X射线 终态 等离子体温度 复合辐射 动能转换 轫致辐射 对称轴 

分 类 号：O53[理学—等离子体物理]