一种新型城市地震灾害模拟方法:城市抗震弹塑性分析方法  

A new urban earthquake disaster simulation method:City-scale nonlinear time-history analysis

作　　者：陆新征[1] 田源[1] 许镇 熊琛 Xinzheng Lu;Yuan Tian;Zhen Xu;Chen Xiong(Key Laboratory of Civil Engineering Safety and Durability of China Education Ministry,Department of Civil Engineering,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;School of Civil and Resource Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Durability for Marine Civil Engineering,College of Civil and Transportation Engineering,Shenzhen University,Shenzhen 518060,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学土木工程系土木工程安全与耐久教育部重点实验室,北京100084 [2]北京科技大学土木与资源工程学院,北京100083 [3]深圳大学土木与交通工程学院广东省滨海土木工程耐久性重点实验室,深圳518060

出　　处：《科学通报》2020年第11期1055-1062,共8页Chinese Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFC1504401)资助。

摘　　要：城市地震灾害模拟可服务震前防灾规划和震后快速救援,对降低城市震害风险具有重要价值.本研究提出了一种新型城市地震灾害模拟方法--城市抗震弹塑性分析方法,给出了海量建筑建模、高性能计算、"场地-城市效应"、高真实感可视化与次生灾害预测等系列关键科学问题的解决方法,并应用于震后灾损近实时评估(九寨沟)、震前防震减灾规划(唐山)、城市中心区高层建筑群多尺度震害模拟(北京CBD)、城市建筑震害及次生灾害全过程模拟(旧金山湾区)等,可为城市防震减灾提供重要决策参考.Earthquakes can cause severe damage and huge economic loss to modern cities.Accurate and efficient seismic damage simulations of buildings have therefore become an indispensable part of earthquake hazard mitigation effort worldwide.Rational simulation results can help to illustrate potential seismic damage and can further provide an essential reference for city planning and post-earthquake rescue work.Motivated by the above,a new urban earthquake disaster simulation method,i.e.,city-scale nonlinear time-history analysis(THA),is performed in this research work.The key scientific outcomes achieved are addressed below:(1)Physics-based multi-scale modeling method for urban buildings.Urban buildings can be classified into three types:Ordinary multistory buildings,ordinary tall buildings,and special buildings.Corresponding analysis methods are proposed:Multi-story buildings can be simulated using nonlinear multiple-degree-of-freedom(MDOF)shear model;tall buildings can be simulated using nonlinear MDOF flexural-shear model;special buildings,such as large-span spatial structures and super tall buildings,can be established using the refined finite element models based on the fiber beam-column and multi-layered shell elements.(2)CPU/GPU collaborative parallel computing method.Seismic damage simulations often result in excessive computational workload.Therefore,a CPU/GPU collaborative parallel computing method is proposed:CPU will assign tasks to GPU;GPU will perform the nonlinear THA of each building;CPU will then copy result data from GPU for post-processing.Case study results show that,the proposed method can achieve a speed up of 39,compared with traditional CPU computing method with similar hardware cost.(3)Numerical coupling scheme for site-city interaction simulations.Interactions among densely distributed buildings in a city and the site,i.e.,the site-city interaction(SCI)effects,can significantly influence the seismic behavior of buildings.Therefore,a numerical coupling scheme is proposed:Nonlinear MDOF models are

关 键 词：城市抗震弹塑性分析 建筑群多尺度模型 高性能计算 次生灾害 工程应用 

分 类 号：P315.9[天文地球—地震学]