COVID-19疫情流行期儿童家长心理健康状况调查及相关因素分析  

Investigation on mental health of parents of children and analysis of related factors during the COVID-19 epidemic period

作　　者：王朝晖[1] 齐晶 李燕晖[1] 李红娟[1] 刘黎明[2] 袁飒 曹敏辉 梁德武 WANG Zhaohui;QI Jing;LI Yanhui;LI Hongjuan;LIU Liming;YUAN Sa;CAO Minhui;LIANG Dewu(Health Center of the Children,Xi'an Fourth Hospital,Shaanxi Xi'an 710004,China;The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University,Shaanxi Xi'an 710061,China;3201 Hospital of Hanzhong City,Shaanxi Hanzhong 723000,China;Weinan Maternal and Child Health Hospital,Shaanxi Weinan 714000,China;Ankang Maternal and Child Health Hospital,Shaanxi Ankang 725000,China)

机构地区：[1]西安市第四医院儿童保健中心,陕西西安710004 [2]西安交通大学第一附属医院,陕西西安710061 [3]汉中市3201医院,陕西汉中723000 [4]渭南市妇幼保健院,陕西渭南714000 [5]安康市妇幼保健院,陕西安康725000

出　　处：《中国妇幼健康研究》2020年第2期166-172,共7页Chinese Journal of Woman and Child Health Research

基　　金：陕西省科技厅资助项目(编号:2018SF-081);西安市科技局资助项目[编号:201805098YX6SF32(8)].

摘　　要：目的研究新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)疫情流行高峰期儿童家长心理健康状况,为突发公共卫生事件下家长心理干预提供科学依据。方法于2020年2月14日至20日,通过线上平台由各地区妇幼保健院及学校采取方便抽样方法从全国各省(自治区、直辖市)共计抽取30861名18岁以下儿童家长作为调查对象。采用Kruskal-Wallis H检验、Spearman相关分析和多元线性回归分析法对家长心理健康状况进行分析。结果30861名调查对象在情绪方面的得分最高,P50(P25~P75)得分为2.00(0.00~5.00)。儿童家长的性别、年龄、学历、与儿童关系、儿童年龄、居住地、职业、家中有无医务人员等变量在家长的身体、情绪、认知得分上差别均有统计学意义(均P<0.001),其中女性(H=54.54、443.89、477.14,均P<0.001)、儿童3岁以下(H=364.44、182.24、121.76,均P<0.001)、医护人员(H=1004.05、397.63、227.66,均P<0.001)、家中有医护人员的家长(H=279.34、55.91、42.89,均P<0.001)在3个维度的得分均较高。以心理健康总得分为因变量,疫情相关因素为自变量,最终进入回归方程的变量有自评心理健康状况(β=0.39)、家长最近睡眠(β=0.12)、自评身体健康状况(β=0.11)、担心疫情得不到控制(β=0.08)、家长锻炼时间(β=-0.11)、担心孩子生病(β=0.09)、疫情对经济影响(β=0.08)、担心孩子免疫接种(β=0.08)、熟悉的人疑似感染(β=-0.04)、对新冠了解程度(β=-0.02),11个因子共同解释了心理健康状况的42%的变异量。结论疫情流行期对家长的影响主要在情绪和认知方面。女性,尤其是母亲,医护人员、医护人员家属是本次疫情中存在不良心理健康状况的高危人群,建议开展针对性的心理干预措施。Objective To study the psychological health of parents of children at the peak of corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19) epidemic,and to provide scientific basis for parental psychological intervention in public health emergencies.Methods From 14 to 20 February 2020,on the basis of online platform,30861 parents of children under the age of 18 were selected from the provinces(autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government)through convenient sampling method by maternal and child health centers and schools in various regions.The Kruskal-Wallis H test,Spearman correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis were used to analyze the mental health status of parents.Results The 30861 respondents had the highest scores on emotions,the P50(P25-P75)score was 2.00(0.00-5.00).Parents of children’s gender,age,education,relationship with children,child age,place of residence,occupation,presence of medical staff in the family and other variables had statistically significant differences in parents’physical,emotional,and cognitive scores(P<0.001).And women(H=54.54,443.89 and 477.14,respectively,all P<0.001),children under 3 years old(H=364.44,182.24 and 121.76,respectively,all P<0.001),medical staff(H=1004.05,397.63 and 227.66,respectively,all P<0.001),parents with medical staff at home(H=279.34,55.91 and 42.89,respectively,all P<0.001)scored higher in all three dimensions.Taking total mental health score as the dependent variable and epidemic-related factors as independent variables,the variables that finally entered the regression equation were self-assessed mental health status(β=0.39),parents’recent sleep(β=0.12),and self-assessed physical health status(β=0.11),worrying about the epidemic being out of control(β=0.08),parent exercise time(β=-0.11),worrying about the child’s illness(β=0.09),economic impact of the epidemic situation(β=0.08),worrying about children’s immunization(β=0.08),familiar people suspected of infection(β=-0.04),knowledge of COVID-19(β=-0.02),these 11 fac

关 键 词：COVID-19疫情 流行期 儿童家长心理健康状况 

分 类 号：R563.1[医药卫生—呼吸系统] B844.3[医药卫生—内科学]