气候与人类活动对丹江口水源区植被覆盖变化的影响  

Effects of climate and human activities on vegetation cover changes in Danjiangkou Water Source Areas

作　　者：刘海[1,2] 黄跃飞 郑粮 Liu Hai;Huang Yuefei;Zheng Liang(Faculty of Resources and Environmental Science,Hubei University,Wuhan 430062,China;School of Remote Sensing and Information,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430079,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北大学资源环境学院,武汉430062 [2]武汉大学遥感信息工程学院,武汉430079

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2020年第6期97-105,共9页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC1506500);国家自然科学基金项目(41971402);区域开发与环境响应湖北省重点实验室开放研究基金项目(2018B(003))。

摘　　要：植被覆盖状况直接影响到区域生态环境质量,动态监测区域植被覆盖变化,分析其影响因素,对有效开展生态工程建设、实现生态环境的可持续发展具有重要意义。丹江口水库作为南水北调中线工程核心水源区,其生态环境状况直接影响到水源区的水质和水量,目前此区域植被覆盖动态变化研究存在研究时间较短,人类活动定量评估不足等问题。该研究以丹江口水源地为研究区,以GIMMS NDVI和MODIS NDVI为数据源,运用经验正交遥相关EOT(empirical orthogonal teleconnections)算法对1982-2018年归一化植被指数(normalized difference vegetation index,NDVI)数据进行重构,分析此区域植被覆盖时空变化特征。在此基础上,分析气候和人类活动因素对区域植被覆盖变化的综合贡献情况。结果表明:1982-2018年间NDVI呈现波动上升趋势。空间上,89.93%的像元年均NDVI呈现增加趋势,10.06%的像元年均NDVI呈现减小趋势。气温与NDVI呈现显著正相关,相关系数为0.792 (P<0.05),降水量与NDVI呈现显著负相关,相关系数为-0.43 (P<0.05),气温对植被的影响大于降水。气候因素对植被的影响呈现明显的空间异质性,在海拔较高的山地区域,植被生长受降水和气温的综合作用影响;而在地势较为低平的盆地和河谷区,NDVI与气温呈现显著的正相关关系,与降水则呈现显著负相关关系。人类活动对区域植被覆盖影响具有双重作用,研究区67.74%区域人类活动对植被覆盖产生正面影响,正向作用表现在为恢复生态环境实施的一系列生态保护与建设工程措施;32.26%区域人类活动对植被覆盖产生负面影响,负向作用表现在为发展社会经济进行的一系列不合理的生产活动。采用残差法分离气候因素和人为因素对区域植被覆盖影响,气候因素对区域植被覆盖变化的综合贡献度为92.14%,人类活动因素的综合贡献度为7.86%,气候因素是影响区域植被覆�Vegetation coverage in catchment has a direct impact on its ecological environment, and monitoring vegetation coverage change and its determinants is important to reconstruct effectively ecological engineering projects to sustain economic development without compromising ecological environment. Danjiangkou Reservoir is a waterhead at the middle route of the South-North Water Transfer Project in China, and its ecological environment has a direct impact on quality and quantity of the water in the transferring cannel. Available study on vegetation coverage change in this area is problematic,including short experiment duration and inadequate evaluation of the impact of the human activities. We address this knowledge gap in this paper using data extracted from GIMMS NDVI and MODIS NDVI. The empirical orthogonal teleconnection(EOT) algorithm was used to reconstruct the normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI) from 1982 to2018, from which we analyzed the spatiotemporal change in the vegetation coverage and individual contribution of climate factors and human activities to the vegetation coverage changes. The results revealed that NDVI showed an oscillating increase from1982 to 2018 at an average rate of 0.002 9/a(P<0.05). Spatially, 89.93% of the studied areas saw a first-year increase in NDVI, and 10.06% witnessed a first-year decrease. Temperature impacted on NDVI most with a correlation coefficient of 0.792(P<0.05), followed by precipitation with a correlation coefficient of-0.43(P<0.05). The influence of climate factors on vegetation coverage varied spatially. In mountainous areas, vegetation growth was affected by precipitation and temperature combined, while in basins and river valleys characterized by low and flat terrain, NDVI was positively correlated with temperature and negatively with precipitation, both at significant level. Human activities impacted on vegetation coverage in two opposite ways. On the one hand, human activity in 67.74% of the studied areas had a positive effect on vegetation coverage du

关 键 词：遥感 植被覆盖 长时间序列 EOT算法 气候 人类活动 丹江口水源区 

分 类 号：S127[农业科学—农业基础科学]