西安市水土流失空间分布特征与管控空间划分  

Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Soil Erosion and Spatial Division of Management and Control in Xi’an

作　　者：刘刚[1] 李鹏[1] 张旭[1] 李占斌[1,2] 何文虹 霍春平 时鹏 马勇勇[1] 谢梦瑶 LIU Gang;LI Peng;ZHANG Xu;LI Zhanbin;HE Wenhong;HUO Chunping;SHI Peng;MA Yongyong;XIE Mengyao(State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulic Engineering in Arid Area, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048;State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Science and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100;Xi’an Soil and Water Conservation Station, Xi’an 710016)

机构地区：[1]西安理工大学西北旱区生态水利国家重点实验室,西安710048 [2]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100 [3]西安市水利水土保持工作总站,西安710016

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2020年第3期91-97,共7页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：西安市城市水土保持关键技术研究项目(104-441118085);陕西省创新人才推进计划创新团队科技项目(水土资源环境演变与调控)(2018TD-037)。

摘　　要：城镇规模的快速发展是引发城市水土流失的关键因素。以西安市为研究区域,计算了各区县土壤侵蚀面积并进行了强度等级划分,分析了水土流失在空间上的分布特征并进行预测,识别出需要重点监管的区域。结果表明:西安市年均土壤侵蚀量为278.49万t,年均土壤侵蚀模数为176.74 t/(km^2·a),微度侵蚀和轻度侵蚀占总侵蚀面积的99.76%,中度侵蚀以上面积仅占0.24%;未来情景下西安市各区域土壤侵蚀模数主要分布在0~200 t/(km^2·a),其中建成区和发展区土壤侵蚀面积分别为65.37,302.19 km^2;水土流失空间管控与重点区域主要分布在高陵区、鄠邑区、长安区和临潼区等地区。随着城市建设与发展的完善,西安市重点管控区的面积也在发生变化。The rapid development of urban scale is the key factor that causes urban soil erosion.Taking Xi’an as the research area,the soil erosion area of each district and county was calculated and the intensity grade was divided,the spatial distribution characteristics of soil erosion were analyzed and predicted,and the areas requiring key supervision were identified.The results showed that the annual average amount of soil erosion in Xi’an was 2.7849 million tons,the annual average soil erosion modulus was 176.74 t/(km^2·a),the total area of micro-erosion and light erosion was 99.76%,and the area above moderate erosion was only 0.24%.Under the future scenario,the soil erosion modulus in Xi’an are mainly distributed in 0 to 200 t/(km^2·a),of which the soil erosion area of the built-up area and the development area is 65.37 and 302.19 km^2 respectively;The spatial control and key areas of soil erosion are mainly distributed in Gaoling District,Huyi District,Chang’an District,and Lintong District.With the improvement of urban construction and development,the area of Xi’an key management and control area is also changing.

关 键 词：水土流失 西安市 空间分布 重点监管 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]