秸秆还田下施镁对土壤交换镁及春玉米镁素积累和产量的影响  

Effects of Magnesium Application on Exchangeable Magnesium and Magnesium Accumulation in Soil and Yield of Spring Maize Under Straw Returning

作　　者：张美玲 耿玉辉[1] 曹国军[1] Stephano Mabagala Frank 黄琦嘉 周丽娟 ZHANG Meiling;GENG Yuhui;CAO Guojun;Stephano Mabagala Frank;HUANG Qijia;ZHOU Lijuan(College of Resources and Environment, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118)

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学资源与环境学院,长春130118

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2020年第3期226-231,237,共7页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0300604)。

摘　　要：于2017—2019年在吉林省农安县设置大田试验,采用双因素裂区设计,主区为秸秆还田J(12000 kg/hm^2)、秸秆不还田W,副区为施镁M3(施纯镁10 kg/hm^2)、不施镁M0,包含JM3(秸秆+镁肥)、JM0(秸秆+无镁肥)、WM3(无秸秆+镁肥)、WM0(常规)4个处理。结果表明:玉米生育期,土壤交换镁含量逐渐降低,至成熟期,JM3处理土壤交换镁含量比WM3、JM0、WM0分别提高6.59%,8.47%,14.09%。施用镁肥促进玉米植株对镁素养分的吸收,秸秆还田配施镁肥进一步增加了玉米植株对镁素养分的吸收,WM3处理玉米镁素积累量比WM0平均提高12.30%;JM3处理的镁素积累量比WM3、JM0、WM0处理分别提高9.79%,15.99%,23.28%。春玉米干物质积累量随着生育期的进行逐渐增加,施镁肥能提高干物质积累量与春玉米产量,在成熟期WM3(无秸秆+镁肥)的干物质积累量与产量分别比WM0(常规)提高5.30%与4.38%,JM3(秸秆+镁肥)的干物质积累量与产量比WM0(常规)分别提高11.50%与5.52%。综上可以得出,施用镁肥可以显著提高土壤交换镁含量,促进春玉米植株对镁素养分的吸收,增加干物质积累量及提高春玉米产量。秸秆还田配施镁肥不但可以提高土壤交换镁含量,保持土壤镁素在整个玉米生育期的持续有效供应,还进一步促进春玉米植株对镁素的吸收,提高了干物质积累量及春玉米产量。Field experiment was set up in Nong’an County,Jilin Province from 2017 to 2019.Field double factor split design was employed,with two straw treatments in main plots,which were straw returning J(12000 kg/hm^2)and no straw returning(W),and the sub-plots were magnesium fertilizer M3(10 kg/hm^2),no magnesium fertilizer M0,and the treatments included JM3(straw+magnesium fertilizer),JM0(straw+no magnesium fertilizer),WM3(no straw+magnesium fertilizer)and WM0(no magnesium fertilizer+no straw).The results showed that during the growth period of maize,the content of exchangeable magnesium in the soil gradually decreased.At the mature stage,the content of soil exchangeable magnesium in JM3 treatment was 6.59%,8.47%and 14.09%higher than that in WM3,JM0 and WM0 treatment,respectively.The application of magnesium fertilizer could promote the magnesium absorption in maize plants,and straw returning to the field combined with magnesium fertilizer application could further increase the uptake of magnesium in maize.The average magnesium accumulation in the WM3 treatment was 12.30%higher than that in WM0 treatment.The magnesium accumulation in JM3 treatment was 9.79%,15.99%and 23.28%higher than that in WM3,JM0 and WM0 treatments,respectively.The accumulation of dry matter in maize increased continuously during the growth period.Applying magnesium fertilizer could improve the production of dry matter and the yield of spring maize.At the maturity growth stage,the dry matter accumulation and yield of maize in WM3 treatment was 5.30%and 4.38%higher than that in WM0 treatment.The dry matter accumulation and yield of maize in JM3 treatment was 11.50%and 5.52%greater than that in WM0 treatment.In conclusion,the application of magnesium fertilizer could significantly improve the content of exchange able magnesium in soil,promote the absorption of magnesium nutrients in spring maize plants,increase the dry matter accumulation and spring maize yield.Straw returning to the field with applying magnesium fertilizer could not only improve the

关 键 词：春玉米 秸秆还田 镁肥 土壤交换镁 干物质 产量 

分 类 号：S143[农业科学—肥料学]