城市化进程中的反贫困:制度创新与法律保障  

Anti-Poverty in the Process of Urbanization:System Innovation and Legal Guarantee

作　　者：张一鸣[1] ZHANG Yi-ming

机构地区：[1]华东政法大学

出　　处：《理论与改革》2020年第3期107-117,共11页Theory and Reform

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“中国特色特大城市贫困治理研究”(项目编号:19BZZ085,主持人:姚尚建)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：面对日益严峻的城市贫困问题,国家初步建立了涵括基本养老保险制度、城市居民最低生活保障制度等在内的城市反贫困制度法律体系。但是这一制度法律体系还不够系统完善,还存在城市反贫困主体单一、社会参与有限的问题,尚未建立系统完备、保障全面的社会保障制度和全国统一的城市反贫困法律体系。城市化进程中的主体贫困、制度贫困和法律贫困是致使产生城市贫困问题的重要原因。这就需要建立政府主导、社会共同参与的城市反贫困工作管理机制,解决反贫困制度建设滞后和立法不规范的问题,科学规划、统筹规范反贫困工作,形成以宪法为基本依据、以《反贫困法》为核心、以《社会保障法》等相关社会保障法律法规为支撑的反贫困法律体系,强化城市反贫困权利救济和责任追究制度,不断提升城市反贫困制度化、法治化进程。Facing the increasingly severe problems of urban poverty,the state has initially established an urban anti-poverty legal system including the basic old-age insurance system and the minimum living security system for urban residents.However,this legal system is not yet systematically complete,and there are still problems such as single subject of anti-poverty in cities and limited social participation.In addition,a comprehensive social security system and a national unified anti-poverty legal system have not yet been established.The subject poverty,institutional poverty and legal poverty in the process of urbanization are the important reasons for urban poverty.This requires the establishment of government-led and full social participation mechanism to carry out scientific planning and overall regulation for anti-poverty work,solving the problems of lagging anti-poverty system construction and irregular legislation and forming an anti-poverty legal system based on the Constitution,with the Anti-Poverty Law as the core and supported by the Social Security Law and other relevant social security laws and regulations,to strengthen the urban anti-poverty rights relief and accountability system,and continuously improve the urban anti-poverty institutionalization and legalization process.

关 键 词：城市贫困 反贫困 制度 保障 

分 类 号：D668[政治法律—政治学]