河北塞罕坝地区森林鼠害发生及防控对策研究  

Studies on occurrence and control measures of the forest eodent pests in Saihanba area of Hebei Province

作　　者：刘军侠 姜文虎 王春艳 解松青 张子恒 LIU Junxia;JIANG Wenhu;WANG Chunyan;XIE Songqing;ZHANG Ziheng(College of Foresety/Hebei Key Lab of Forest Germplasm Resources and Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China;2Sanxiang Forest Farm, Saihanba Mechanical Forest Farm of Hebei Province, Chengde 068466, China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学林学院/河北省林木种质资源与森林保护重点实验室,河北保定071001 [2]塞罕坝机械林场总场三乡林场,河北承德068466

出　　处：《林业与生态科学》2020年第1期63-71,共9页Forestry and Ecological Sciences

基　　金：河北省教育厅(ZD2017235)。

摘　　要：为了弄清塞罕坝地区森林鼠害危害,为森林鼠害综合治理及林木保护提供有效依据,调查研究了塞罕坝地区森林害鼠种类、分布以及地理区划,分析了森林害鼠在不同林地受害率及防控效果,并提出了综合防控对策。研究结果表明:塞罕坝坝上地区共有害鼠种类15种,4科,11属;地下鼠5种,其余均为地上鼠,地下鼠达乌尔黄鼠和草原鼢鼠为优势种,褐家鼠和黑线姬鼠这2种害鼠为世界动物地理区划东洋区、古北区广布两界种,其余13种均为古北界种,小家鼠为原古北界种,现全球广布;分析连续3 a森林鼠害在不同林分的发生及防治,森林鼠害受害率逐年略呈下降趋势,不同林分类型危害中阳坡危害程度轻于阴坡,混交林危害程度轻于纯林,表明综合防控效果明显;森林鼠害综合防控策略应侧重生物防治和生态控制技术相结合,适时辅以化学防治。In order to clear the forest rodent damage in Saihanba area and provide an effective basis for the comprehensive management of forest rodent damage and forest protection,this research investigated and studied the species,distribution and geographical division of forest rodent in Saihanba area,analyzed the occurrence rate and prevention and control effect of forest rodent in different forest land,and put forward the comprehensive prevention and control countermeasures.The results show that there are 15 species,4 families and 11 genera of rodents in the Bashang area of Saihanba.5 species are underground rodents,and the rest of them are ground rodents.It is the dominant species of the underground Citellus dauricus and Myospalax aspalax,and the above-ground Clethrionomys rufocanus and Clethrionomys rutilus that are seriously harmful.Rattus norvegicus and Apodemus agrarius are widely distributed in Dongyang district and Gubei district,and the other 13 species are all in the Gubei region.Mus musculusis,which was originally in the Gubei region,is now widely distributed in the world.The occurrence and control of forest rodents in different stands for three consecutive years were analyzed.The occurrence rate of forest rodents showed a slight downward trend year by year.In different types of forest,the damage degree of sunny slope was less than that of shady slope,and the damage degree of mixed forest was less than that of pure forest,which indicated that the comprehensive control effect was obvious.The comprehensive control strategy of forest rodents should focus on the combination of biological control and ecological control technology,supplemented by chemical control at the right time.

关 键 词：塞罕坝地区 森林鼠害 发生规律 防控对策 

分 类 号：S764.5[农业科学—森林保护学]