基于不同波形叠加函数的井中微地震震源偏移定位方法对比  

Comparison of Migration-based Location Methods of Downhole Microseismic Source Based on Different Waveform Stack Functions

作　　者：毛庆辉[1] 程健勇 岳曙耀 韩杰 王枭雄 申威 Mao Qinghui;Cheng Jianyong;Yue Shuyao;Han Jie;Wang Xiaoxiong;Shen Wei(Key Laboratory of Exploration Technologies for Oil and Gas Resources(Yangtze University),Ministry of Education,Hubei Cooperative Innovation Center of Unconventional Oil and Gas(Yangtze University),Wuhan 430100,Hubei;College of Geophysics and Petroleum Resources,Yangtze University,Wuhan 430100,Hubei)

机构地区：[1]油气资源与勘探技术教育部重点实验室(长江大学),非常规油气湖北省协同创新中心(长江大学),湖北武汉430100 [2]长江大学地球物理与石油资源学院,湖北武汉430100

出　　处：《长江大学学报（自然科学版）》2020年第1期16-20,I0002,共6页Journal of Yangtze University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：湖北省教育厅科学技术研究项目“一种改进的微地震事件偏移定位方法研究”(Q20191307);油气资源与勘探技术教育部重点实验室开放基金项目“一种基于波形叠加的改进微地震震源偏移定位方法”(K2018-14);长江大学大学生创新创业训练计划项目“一种改进的微地震震源偏移定位方法”(2018269)。

摘　　要：微地震监测技术在页岩层、致密层和干热岩等非常规资源的压裂开发中起到了重要的指导作用,其核心是微地震震源定位。其中,基于波形叠加的微地震震源偏移定位方法因其不需要费时的初至拾取工作而受到青睐,其偏移叠加函数的选择会直接影响震源定位的精度。以2种典型的波形叠加函数线性叠加(LS)函数和加权相似度叠加(SWS)函数为例,对其抗噪性、速度模型依赖性及定位精度进行了对比分析。通过二维理论数据试算发现,在一定程度上,SWS函数比LS函数定位方法的抗噪性要强,对速度模型的依赖性要小,定位精度更高。The technique of microseismic monitoring is currently playing an important role in the fracturing development of unconventional resources such as shale,tight sand and hot dry rock etc.Its core is the location of microseismic source.The migration-based location method of microseismic source based on waveform stack functions is favored because it is not time-consuming,and the selection of its migration stacking function will directly affect the accuracy of source location.Therefore,two typical waveform stacking functions(linear stacking(LS)function and semblance-weighted stacking(SWS)function)were taken as examples to analyze and compare their noise immunity,velocity model dependence and location accuracy.Through the two-dimensional theoretical data test,it is found that the noise immunity of SWS-based location method is better than that of LS-based location method.At the same time,SWS-based location method has less dependence on velocity model and higher accuracy in location than LS-based location method.

关 键 词：微地震 线性叠加 加权相似度叠加 偏移定位 

分 类 号：P631.44[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]