石油污染土壤原位生物修复强化技术研究进展  

Research progress on in situ bioremediation enhancement technology of oil contaminated soil

作　　者：代小丽 王硕 李佳斌 魏燕 魏文侠 DAI Xiaoli;WANG Shuo;LI Jiabin;WEI Yan;WEI Wenxia(Environmental Protection Research Institute of Light Industry;Beijing Key Laboratory of Remediation of Industrial Pollution Sites)

机构地区：[1]轻工业环境保护研究所 [2]工业场地污染与修复北京市重点实验室

出　　处：《环境工程技术学报》2020年第3期456-466,共11页Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC1801206);北京市财政项目(PXM2019_178203_00341400)。

摘　　要：因石油污染物的性质及土壤环境条件限制,石油污染土壤中的石油降解微生物普遍存在数量偏少和活性不足的问题,导致其自然净化能力较低,且速度缓慢。多种原位强化技术可提高石油降解微生物的降解能力,主要包括生物投加法、生物刺激法、生物通风法及微生物燃料电池等。生物投加法主要包括高效微生物、固定化微生物及植物-微生物的投加等方法;生物刺激法主要包括营养物质、生物表面活性剂、共代谢生长基质、电子受体的投加等方法。系统分析了各原位生物修复强化技术的作用机理及研究、应用现状,在此基础上提出了电动-微生物联合修复技术、微生物燃料电池-微生物联合修复技术及固定化材料纳米粒子的应用是原位生物修复强化技术未来的研究方向。The number and activity of oil-degrading microorganisms in oil contaminated soil are often insufficient due to the limitations of oil contaminants nature and soil environmental conditions,which lead to the reduction of their natural purification capacity and slow natural purification speed.A variety of in situ bioremediation enhancement technologies can improve the degradation ability of oil degradation microorganisms,including bioaugmentation,biostimulation,bioventing and microbial fuel cell(MFC).Bioaugmentation is the addition of high efficiency microorganisms,immobilized microorganisms,plant-microorganisms,etc.Biostimulation is theaddition of nutrients,biosurfactants,co-metabolism substrates,electron acceptors,etc.The mechanism,research and application status of various in situ bioremediation enhancement technologies were analyzed.It was further proposed that the applications of electro-bioremediation,MFC combined bioremediation and immobilized material nanoparticles should be the future research direction of the in situ bioremediation enhancement technologies.

关 键 词：石油污染土壤 原位生物修复 生物投加 生物刺激 生物通风 微生物燃料电池 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]