微硅粉悬浮液体地膜对青藏高原土壤温度、水分和小麦产量的影响  

Effects of Suspended Liquid Film with Micro-silicon Powder on Soil Temperature,Moisture and Wheat Yield in Qinghai Tibet Plateau

作　　者：王顺新 铁生年 WANG Shunxin;TIE Shengnian(Research Center of New Energy Photovoltaic Industry,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China;Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Applied Technology of Qinghai Province, Xining 810016,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学新能源光伏产业研究中心,西宁810016 [2]青海省先进材料与应用技术省重点实验室,西宁810016

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2020年第4期529-536,共8页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：材料复合新技术国家重点实验室(武汉理工大学)开放基金(2017-KF-4);青海省重点实验室项目(2015-Z-Y02,2016)。

摘　　要：为了研究工业固体废弃物中微硅粉回收再利用和传统塑料地膜污染土壤环境的问题,通过选择微硅粉悬浮液体地膜(LS)和不含微硅粉悬浮液体地膜(LP)与普通塑料地膜(PF)和空白不覆膜(CK)对照试验,研究不同液体地膜对青藏高原土壤保温、保水效应及对小麦产量的影响。结果表明:液体地膜(LS)覆盖使土壤5 cm、10 cm温度分别提高0.7~1.5℃、0.5~1.4℃,同时使土壤含水率分别提高1.11%和1.42%;这些变化使得小麦生育期的出苗率、株高均高于空白对照组。测量发现小麦茎和叶中的硅含量较空白对照组平均提高19.3%和16.8%,小麦产量平均增产16.2%。微硅粉液体地膜覆盖提高土壤的温度和含水率,液体地膜中的硅元素被植物吸收利用后,提高了小麦的产量。For studying the ecycling and reuse of micro-silicon powder in industry waste and pollutants of soil environment caused by the plastic film,we investigated the changes of soil heat preservation,water retention by different liquid films with micro-silicon powder,which affected wheat yield in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.Suspension liquid films with micro-silicon powder(LS),suspension liquid films without micro-silicon powder(LP),were compared with the ordinary plastic film(PF)and blank condition without film mulching(CK),the experimental results showed that the temperature in soil samples at 5 cm and 10 cm increased by 0.7-1.5℃and 0.5-1.45℃,respectively,and the soil water mass fraction increased by 1.11%and 1.42%(P<0.05).These sharp increase promoted the rate of emergence in growth period and the plant height of wheat was higher than those of blank control group(P<0.05).In contrast to the blank control group,the silicon mass fraction within wheat stems and leaves increased by 19.3%and 16.8%on average,and the wheat yield increased by 16.2%.The reuse of silicon powder and plastic film increased the wheat yield in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau due to the increasee of temperature and the water content in soil,and the absorption of silicon elements by plants.

关 键 词：微硅粉悬浮液体地膜 土壤温度和水分 小麦产量 茎叶硅含量 

分 类 号：S316[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术] S512[农业科学—农艺学]