碳纳米管含量对聚酰亚胺/碳纤维复合材料性能的影响  

Effects of Carbon Nanotube Content on Properties of Polyimide/Carbon Fiber Composites

作　　者：于广 魏化震 李大勇 高守臻 罗长宏 马开宝 王晓立 宋爱琪 成毕勤 Yu Guang;Wei Huazhen;Li Dayong;Gao Shouzhen;Luo Changhong;Ma Kaibao;Wang Xiaoli;Song Aiqi;Cheng Biqin(Shandong Institute of Non-metallic Materials,Jinan 250031,China;Shandong Zhengyuan Geophysical Information Technology Co.Ltd.,Jinan 250101,China)

机构地区：[1]山东非金属材料研究所,济南250031 [2]山东正元地球物理信息技术有限公司,济南250101

出　　处：《工程塑料应用》2020年第5期143-148,共6页Engineering Plastics Application

摘　　要：以聚酰亚胺(PI)为基体、碳纤维(CF)和碳纳米管(CNTs)为复合增强体,采用热模压工艺制备了不同CNTs含量的PI/CF/CNTs复合材料。采用电子拉力机、动态热机械分析仪和热重分析仪研究了PI/CF/CNTs复合材料的力学性能、动态力学性能和热稳定性。结果表明,与未加CNTs的PI/CF复合材料相比,CNTs含量为PI质量的0.2%时,PI/CF/CNTs复合材料具有最佳的常温力学性能,其中常温拉伸强度提高19.5%,常温弯曲强度提高20.6%,常温层间剪切强度提高14.7%,玻璃化转变温度则由357℃提高到451℃;CNTs含量为PI质量的0.05%时,PI/CF/CNTs复合材料具有最佳的高温力学性能,其中400℃拉伸强度提高15.8%,400℃弯曲强度提高9.6%,400℃层间剪切强度提高12.8%。CNTs的添加对PI/CF/CNTs复合材料的热稳定性几乎没有影响。Taking polyimide(PI)as matrix,carbon fiber(CF)and carbon nanotubes(CNTs)as composite reinforcement,PI/CF/CNTs composites with different CNTs contents were prepared by hot-molding process.The mechanical properties,dynamic thermomechanical properties and thermal stability of PI/CF/CNTs composites were studied by using electronic tensile machine,dynamic thermomechanical analyzer and thermogravimetric analyzer.The results show that compared with PI/CF composites without CNTs,when the CNTs content is 0.2%of PI mass,the PI/CF/CNTs composite has the best mechanical properties at room temperature,the tensile strength and flexural strength at room temperature are increased by 19.5%and 20.6%respectively,the interlaminar shear strength at room temperature is increased by 14.7%,the glass transition temperature is increased from 357℃to 451℃.When the CNTs content is 0.05%of PI mass,the PI/CF/CNTs composite has the best high-temperature mechanical properties,the tensile strength and flexural strength at 400℃are increased by 15.8%and 9.6%respectively,and the interlaminar shear strength at 400℃is increased by 12.8%.The addition of CNTs has almost no effect on the thermal stability of PI/CF/CNTs composites.

关 键 词：碳纳米管 聚酰亚胺 碳纤维 复合材料 耐高温性能 

分 类 号：TQ323.7[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]