基于太阳辐射的不同灌溉频率对草莓叶片光合、产量和品质的影响  

Effects of Irrigation Frequency on Leaf Photosynthesis,Yield and Quality of Strawberry Based on Solar Radiation

作　　者：林琭[1] 汤昀[1] 李志强[1] 李永平[1] 王红宁[2] 史向远[1] LIN Lu;TANG Yun;LI Zhiqiang;LI Yongping;WANG Hongning;SHI Xiangyuan(Research Center of Modern Agriculture,Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Taiyuan 030031,China;Institute of Pomology,Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Taiyuan 030800,China)

机构地区：[1]山西省农业科学院现代农业研究中心,山西太原030031 [2]山西省农业科学院果树研究所,山西太原030800

出　　处：《山西农业科学》2020年第5期710-714,共5页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山西省重点研发计划重点项目(201703D211022);山西省农业科学院科技攻关项目(YGG1615);山西省重点研发计划项目(201803D221010-2)。

摘　　要：以太阳辐射强度为指标,设置5个灌溉频率处理(2.0(T1)、3.0(T2)、4.0(T3)、5.0(T4)、6.0(T5)MJ/m^2),研究不同灌溉频率对设施基质栽培草莓的叶片净光合速率、叶面积、产量和品质的影响。结果表明,光响应曲线的最大净光合速率Pnmax,p和CO2响应曲线的最大净光合速率Pnmax,c在T1、T2、T3处理间和T4、T5处理间均无显著差异,但T4处理显著低于T3处理,T4处理比T3处理的Pnmax,p和Pnmax,c在坐果前、第一茬果初期、第二茬果初期分别降低了17%和13%、17%和16%、33%和29%;T4处理的单株叶面积(513 cm^2)比T3处理(530 cm^2)降低17 cm^2,差异达显著水平;T4、T5处理的产量显著降低,分别比无水分胁迫处理的平均产量降低了9%和16%;T4、T5处理的草莓果实品质均显著下降,Vc含量分别比T1处理降低了22%和37%,糖酸比分别比T1处理降低了21%和24%。启动灌溉的单位面积累积辐射量的临界阈值为4.0 MJ/m^2,高于该临界值的灌溉频率将使草莓植株生长受到显著影响。Based on solar radiation intensity,five irrigation frequency treatments(2.0(T1),3.0(T2),4.0(T3),5.0(T4),6.0(T5)MJ/m2)were designed to study the effects of different irrigation frequency on leaf photosynthetic rate,yield and fruit quality of strawberry.The results showed that the maximum leaf net photosynthetic rate in light response curves(Pnmax,p)and CO2 response curves(Pnmax,c)were not significant differences among T1,T2 and T3 and between T4 and T5,but T4 treatment was significantly lower than T3 treatment.Compared with T3 treatment,Pnmax,p and Pnmax,c,of T4 treatment significantly decreased by 17%and 13%(before fruit setting),17%and 16%(the first-cut initial fruit),33%and 29%(the second-cut initial fruit),respectively.The leaf area per plant of T4 treatment(513 cm2)was 17 cm2 lower than that of T3 treatment(530 cm2),the difference was significant.Yield of T4(44216.6 kg/hm2)and T5(40850.2 kg/hm2)treatment decreased by 9%and 16%than the averaged level(48550.2 kg/hm2)of non-water stress treatments(T1,T2 and T3),respectively,and the differences were significant.Compared with T1 treatment,the fruit quality of T4 and T5 treatment decreased significantly,Vc content decreased by 22%and 37%,reapectively,sugar-acid ratio decreased by 21%and 24%,respectively.Accordingly,4.0 MJ/m^2 was the threshold value of optimum irrigation frequency based on comprehensive analysis of leaf photosynthetic physiology,yield and fruit quality,and the strawberries will suffer water stress if irrigation frequency is above the critical value.

关 键 词：辐射强度 灌溉频率 草莓 光合速率 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S668.4[农业科学—果树学]