试论达尔文进化论的科学性缺失——从遗传理论看生物进化  

On the Scientificity Lack of Darwin's Evolution Theory—Biological Evolution from Genetic Theory

作　　者：李典友 陈忠全[2] 褚清河 LI Dianyou;CHEN Zhongquan;CHU Qinghe(College of Environment and Tourism,West Anhui University,Lu'an 237012,China;College of Business,Yantai Nanshan University,Longkou 265700,China)

机构地区：[1]皖西学院环境与旅游学院,安徽六安237012 [2]烟台南山学院商学院,山东龙口265700

出　　处：《山西农业科学》2020年第5期822-825,830,共5页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：安徽省教育厅省级自然科学项目(KJ2017A404)。

摘　　要：达尔文进化论是至今在生物学、哲学、社会学领域具有重要影响的理论,但事实上该理论只是一种假说,直到今天并未被试验或考古研究成果证实;进化论中的自然选择是一个遗传学问题,但由于达尔文时代遗传学还处于萌芽时期,因而达尔文进化论未能从遗传角度讨论问题,自然选择问题的论证从始至终贯穿着社会科学思维和社会发展的一般认识。应用遗传学原理讨论了生物进化,认为生物进化是物种的世代变化,物种世代变化只遵循自然杂交和基因激活2个途径,而非达尔文进化论所表述的逐渐变化、发展,由一种状态过渡到另一种状态;由于基因是生物固有的,生物的一切性状、功能甚至一些习性均是由基因决定的,而自然选择只能改变基因型或激活隐性基因,并不能改变基因。因此,达尔文所有生物物种来自同一个祖先的假设是不正确的。此外,人类社会直到今天,生物中的种间差异依然存在,因为生物群体中种间的基因差异性是固有的,故生物自然选择导致进化的观点并不成立。Darwin's evolution theory is a theory that has an important impact in the fields of biology,philosophy and sociology,but in fact this theory is only a hypothesis and has not been confirmed by experimental or archaeological research results to this day.Natural selection in evolution is a genetic problem,but because genetics is still in its infancy in the Darwin era,Darwin's evolution theory fails to discuss the problem from a genetic perspective,and the demonstration of natural selection has penetrated social science thinking and society from beginning to end and general understanding of social development.This article discusses biological evolution using the principles of genetics.It is considered that biological evolution is the generational change of species,and the generational change of species only follows the two paths of natural hybridization and gene activation,rather than the gradual change and development are expressed by Darwin's theory of evolution and transition from one sate to another.Because genes are inherent in organisms,all traits,functions,and even some habits of organisms are determined by genes.Natural selection can only change genotypes or activate recessive genes,but can not chang genes.Therefore,the assumption that all Darwinian creatures comes from one ancestor is incorrect.In addition,to this day,inter-species differences in living organisms still exist,because genetic differences among species in biological populations are inherent,so the idea that natural selection of organisms leads to evolution is not valid.

关 键 词：进化论 达尔文 基因 

分 类 号：Q111.2[生物学—普通生物学]