基于油松年轮的白龙江上游降水重建及其水文意义  

Precipitation reconstruction for upper reaches of Bailong River by Pinus tabulaeformis tree-ring and its hydrological significance

作　　者：徐宏范 张合理 陈峰 陈友平[1,3,4] XU Hongfan;ZHANG Heli;CHEN Feng;CHEN Youping(School of Geographical Science and Tourism,Xinjiang Normal University,Urumqi 830054,China;Institute of International Rivers and Eco-security,Yunnan University,Kunming 650500,China;Insititute of Desert and Meteorology,China Meteorological Administration,Urumqi 830002,China;Key Laboratory of Tree-ring Physical Chemical Research,China Meteorological Administration,Urumqi 830002,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆师范大学地理科学与旅游学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830054 [2]云南大学国际河流与生态安全研究院,云南昆明650500 [3]中国气象局乌鲁木齐沙漠气象研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830002 [4]中国气象局树木年轮理化研究重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830002

出　　处：《人民长江》2020年第2期64-70,共7页Yangtze River

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费项目(IDM2018003);国家自然科学基金项目(91547115,U1803341)。

摘　　要：树木年轮因样本易获取、时间序列长、定年精确、容易保存等优点成为气候水文变化重建研究中最为重要的代用资料之一,受到国内外学者广泛关注。根据甘肃省南部白龙江上游流域油松(Pinus tabulaeformis)树轮样芯,建立区域树轮宽度差值年表,重建了白龙江上游区域近239 a来上年7月至当年6月的降水量序列,分析了1775~2013年该地区的降水变化特征,并进一步揭示了树轮序列所包含的水文信号。空间相关分析表明:差值年表重建的降水量变化能较好地代表白龙江上游流域降水变化;降水重建序列存在7.6,3.4~3.6,2.4~2.5 a和2.2~2.3 a的准周期变化,这可能与ENSO活动有关。相关分析结果表明:降水量对树木径向生长和径流量变化(r=0.699,p<0.01)均具有显著影响,树木径向生长对降水量响应要早于径流量变化响应。上述研究不仅揭示了降水影响白龙江上游油松径向生长变化,还在一定程度上影响区域径流量变化,这为研究区水资源合理利用提供了参考依据。The tree ring has become one of the most important substitute materials in the research of climate and hydrological change reconstruction because of its easy access to samples, long time series, precise dating and easy preservation. A regional tree-ring width chronology was established by using two groups of Pinus tabulaeformis core samples collected from the upper reaches of Bailong River in southern Gansu Province. Based on the regional tree-ring width residual chronology, the precipitation variation in the upper reaches of Bailong River from 1775 to 2013 was reconstructed. The variance interpretation of the reconstruction equation was 44.9%, and the stability of the equation was proved by cross-test. The spatial correlation analysis found that the variation of precipitation reconstructed by tree-ring width residual chronology could represent the actual variation of precipitation in the upper Bailong River basin. Quasi-periodic changes of precipitation reconstruction sequence were 7.6, 3.4~3.6, 2.4~2.5, 2.2~2.3 years, which may be related to the El Niňo-Southern Oscillation activities. The correlation analysis results showed that the precipitation had a significant effect on both the tree radial growth and the variation of runoff(r=0.699,p<0.01). The response of tree radial growth to precipitation was earlier than that of runoff to precipitation. The study reveals that precipitation can not only affect the radial growth of regional Pinus tabulaeformis, but also have a significant impact on regional runoff to a certain extent, which is of great significance for water resource utilization in the Bailong River basin.

关 键 词：降水重建 树木年轮 干湿变化 水文响应 白龙江流域 

分 类 号：TV125[水利工程—水文学及水资源]