高水头混流式水轮机尾水管压力脉动综述  

A Review on Pressure Fluctuations in the Draft Tube of High-head Francis Turbine

作　　者：王小龙[1] 刘德民 刘小兵[1] 唐正强 WANG Xiaolong;LIU Demin;LIU Xiaobing;TANG Zhenqiang(Key Laboratory of Fluid and Power Machinery,Ministry of education,Xihua University,Chengdu,China,610039;Research&Testing Center of Dongfang Electrie Machinery,Deyang,China,618000)

机构地区：[1]西华大学流体及动力机械教育部重点实验室,四川省成都市610039 [2]东方电机有限公司研究试验中心,四川省德阳市618000

出　　处：《水电与抽水蓄能》2020年第2期58-66,共9页Hydropower and Pumped Storage

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51279172);四川省流体机械重点实验室开放研究基金资助项目(szjj2016-002)。

摘　　要：在高水头的混流式水轮机中,由工程实例的观测和研究可以得出,其运行过程中的机组不稳定性主要来源于机械内部的水力振动,而尾水管压力脉动作为水轮机水力振动的主要原因,在一定情况下会引起机械的疲劳失效。而从其内部流动机理上看,其周期性脉动特征是偏工况条件下尾水管内部的涡带振动,旋进涡核会产生高振幅低频压力脉动和高频压力脉动。本文主要介绍和讨论了国内外学者对这一领域的研究。这些研究主要包括尾水管涡带振动的机理研究,尾水管涡带振动的试验研究和数值模拟,尾水管涡带振动的结构影响,尾水管涡带振动的预防措施及对策。In the high head Francis turbine,it can be concluded from the observation and research of engineering examples that the instability of the unit in the operation process mainly comes from the hydraulic vibration inside the machine,which is mainly manifested in the form of pressure pulsation.From the perspective of internal flow mechanism,the periodic pulsation is characterized by the vortex belt vibration in the stern pipe under off-condition conditions,and the precessing vortex core will generate high amplitude low-frequency pressure pulsation and high-frequency pressure pulsation.This paper mainly introduces and discusses the research of domestic and foreign scholars in this field.These researches mainly include the research on the mechanism of the vortex belt vibration of the tail pipe,the numerical simulation study of the vortex belt vibration of the tail pipe,the structural influence of the vortex belt vibration of the tail pipe,and the preventive measures and countermeasures of the vortex belt vibration of the tail pipe.

关 键 词：尾水管涡带 高水头混流式水轮机 压力脉动 不稳定性 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TK734[交通运输工程—轮机工程]