基于相干瑞利散射的分布式光纤声波传感技术  

Distributed Optical Fiber Acoustic Sensing Technology Based on Coherent Rayleigh Scattering

作　　者：蔡海文[1,2] 叶青 王照勇[1,2] 卢斌 Cai Haiwen;Ye Qing;Wang Zhaoyong;Lu Bin(Key Laboratory of Space Laser Com munica tion and Detection Technology,Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics,Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201800,China;Centre of Materials Science and Optoelectr omics Engieering,Univensity of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所空间激光信息传输与探测技术重点实验室,上海201800 [2]中国科学院大学材料与光电研究中心,北京100049

出　　处：《激光与光电子学进展》2020年第5期1-16,共16页Laser & Optoelectronics Progress

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(61535014,61675216,61905262,61905260);国家重点研发项目(2017YFB0405501);上海市自然基金(18ZR1444600);上海市科技委员会项目(18DZ1201303)。

摘　　要：基于相干瑞利散射的分布式光纤声波传感(DAS)技术可以实时获取光纤沿线各位置的振动和声场信息,具有传感范围大、时空精度高等独特优势,近年来得到了多个领域研究学者的广泛关注。论述了DAS的基本传感机理,概述了相干衰落抑制、响应带宽与空间分辨率提升等关键科学技术问题的研究进展,介绍了DAS在安防、铁路等领域的应用进展,并针对DAS技术未来可能的发展方向进行了评述与展望。Distributed optical fiber acoustic sensing(DAS)technology based on coherent Rayleigh scattering can obtain the vibration and sound field information along the optical fiber in real time.Recently,DAS has received extensive attention from scholars in many fields,due to its unique advantages such as large sensing range and high time-and-space resolution.In this paper,the fundamental sensing mechanism of DAS is introduced.The research progress on key scientific and technological issues,such as coherent fading suppression,response bandwidth enhancement,and spatial resolution optimization,is briefly reviewed.The application progress of DAS in perimeter security,rail transportation,and other fields is also described.Finally,the potential future research directions are discussed and speculated.

关 键 词：散射 相干瑞利散射 相敏光时域反射计 光纤传感 分布式光纤声波传感 

分 类 号：TN29[电子电信—物理电子学]