长江上游流域水库群调蓄对三峡-葛洲坝梯级电站运行影响分析  

Impact of Dispatching of Reservoirs in the Upper Yangtze River on the Operation of Three Gorges-Gezhouba Cascade Hydroelectric Stations

作　　者：梁志明 戴凌全[3] 侯雨坤 郭乐[1,2] 熊江涛[1,2] LIANG Zhiming;DAI Lingquan;HOU Yukun;GUO Le;XIONG Jiangtao(China Three Gorges Corporation,Beijing 100038,China;Three Gorges Cascade Dispatch&Communication Center,Yichang 443133,China;College of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering,China Three Gorges University,Yichang 443002,China;CCCC Second Harbor Consultants Co.,Ltd,Wuhan 430071,China)

机构地区：[1]中国长江三峡集团公司,北京100038 [2]三峡水利枢纽梯级调度通信中心,湖北宜昌443133 [3]三峡大学水利与环境学院,湖北宜昌443002 [4]中交第二航务工程勘察设计院有限公司,武汉430071

出　　处：《三峡生态环境监测》2020年第1期68-77,共10页Ecology and Environmental Monitoring of Three Gorges

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目(2013CB036406)。

摘　　要：长江上游流域支流众多,水能资源丰富,现已形成国内规模最大的混联式梯级电站群。三峡-葛洲坝梯级电站作为长江上游流域梯级电站最后一级,运行受到上游水库群调蓄作用的影响。以三峡水库上游26座关键控制性水库1997—2016年运行资料为基础,阐明调蓄影响下三峡-葛洲坝梯级电站入库流量变化规律,量化上游水库群调蓄作用对三峡-葛洲坝梯级电站发电量的影响。结果表明:上游水库群调蓄整体呈"汛期拦蓄,枯期补水"态势,优化了三峡水库年内入库径流分配,增加了三峡-葛洲坝梯级电站发电量。以2016年为例,上游水库群调蓄作用使三峡-葛洲坝梯级电站增加发电量4.001×10~9k W·h,增加发电量主要集中在枯水期。研究成果可为三峡-葛洲坝梯级电站中长期计划编制提供决策参考,有助于提升梯级电站调度运行水平。The upper Yangtze river has many tributaries and abundant water resources.It owns the largest mixed-flow cascade reservoir group in China.The Three Gorges-Gezhouba cascade hydroelectric station is the last one of the group and its operation is deeply affected by the dispatching of the upstream reservoirs.Based on the 1997-2016 operational dispatching data of 26 key reservoirs in the upper reaches,their influences on the inflow variation and power generation of the Three Gorges-Gezhouba cascade hydroelectric stations were clarified.The results show that the dispatching pattern of"storing water during flood season and supplying water in the dry season"in the upstream reservoir group optimizes the inflow distribution during the year,and increases the power generation at the Three Gorges-Gezhouba cascade hydroeletric stations.Under the dispatching level in 2016,the annual storage capacity of the upstream reservoir group increased the annual electricity by 40.01 billion kW·h for the Three Gorges-Gezhouba cascade hydroelectric stations,and the increase was mainly concentrated in the dry season.The results can provide reference for the medium and long-term planning of the Three Gorges-Gezhouba cascade hydroeletric stations,and are conducive to improving the dispatching level of the cascade stations.

关 键 词：长江上游流域 水库群调蓄 三峡-葛洲坝梯级电站 入库流量 发电量 调度分期 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程]