高硬铸铁高效切削工程技术探讨  

Discussion on Engineering Technology about High Efficiency Cutting of High Hardness Cast Iron

作　　者：何耿煌 李凌祥 刘献礼[2] 陈艺聪 张昌荣 林文坤 祝泉水 He Genghuang;Li Lingxiang;Liu Xianli;Chen Yicong;Zhang Changrong;Lin Wenkun;Zhu Quanshui;Peng Shichang;Zhao Zhe(Xiamen Golden Egret Special Alloy Co.,Ltd.,Xiamen Fujian 361006,China;The Key Lab of National and Local United Engineering for"High-Efficiency Cutting&Tools",Harbin University of Science and Technology,Harbin Heilongjiang 150080,China)

机构地区：[1]厦门金鹭特种合金有限公司,福建厦门361006 [2]哈尔滨理工大学“高效切削及刀具”国家地方联合工程重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150080

出　　处：《硬质合金》2020年第1期90-97,共8页Cemented Carbides

基　　金：国家重点研发计划《刀具全生命周期状态追溯智能管控系统开发及应用验证》(编号:2019YFB1704804)。

摘　　要：冷硬铸铁和抗磨合金铸铁是两种典型的高硬铸铁,其抗高温、抗磨损、抗腐蚀、脱磁及抗低温等综合性能极大地抑制了刀具选择的自由度。随着零部件高效能切削技术的发展,实现此两种典型高硬铸铁的高品质加工便迫在眉睫。本文分析了国内外学者对铸铁加工技术研究现状,发现铸铁切削技术研究主要还是集中在硬质合金、PCBN、陶瓷等刀具的切削加工或磨削技术方面,而针对高硬铸铁高效能切削技术方面,尤其是专用可转位刀片及其切削技术方面的系统化阐述还不够完善;其次,从刀片结构、刀片材质和切削参数三方面探讨实现高硬铸铁高效能加工的技术措施,推荐硬质合金刀具工作前角为0°~5°、主偏角Kr≤45°、刃倾角λ≤-6°,同时采用专用的断屑槽结合中等切削参数(以加工形式为判定标准);最后,针对不同刀片选用情况提出与之相匹配的几何参数和切削参数。研究可为高硬铸铁的高效能加工提供参考。There are two typical high hardness cast iron,including chilled cast iron and anti-wear alloy cast iron.With comprehensive properties of high temperature resistance,wear resistance,corrosion resistance,low temperature resistance and demagnetization,the selection of the cutting tool for the cast iron is greatly restrained.However,it is imminent to realize the high quality processing of these two typical high hardness materials with the development of high efficiency cutting technology for parts and components.The research status of cast iron processing technology was analyzed,It is found that the research of cast iron cutting technology mainly focuses on the cutting or grinding technology of cemented carbide,PCBN,ceramics and other cutting tools.Then,from the three aspects of blade structure,blade material and cutting parameters,the technical measures to achieve high efficiency processing of high hardness cast iron were discussed.The recommended working angle rake of the cemented carbide cutting tools is 0°~5°,cutting edge angle is less than or equal to 450 and inclination angle is less than or equal to-6°.At the same time,a special chip breaking groove was used in combination with medium cutting parameters(the judgment standard is the processing form).Finally,the matching geometric parameters and cutting parameters were proposed for different blade selection.The research can provide a reference for high efficiency processing of high hardness cast iron.

关 键 词：高硬铸铁 可转位刀片 高效切削 匹配性 刀具寿命 

分 类 号：TG506[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]