基于真空负压吸附的太阳翼重力卸载技术  

Gravity Compensation Technology of Solar Array Based on Vacuum Negative Pressure Adsorption

作　　者：张加波 王辉[2] 李云 姜力元 李德勇 何鹏鹏 ZHANG Jiabo;WANG Hui;LI Yun;JIANG Liyuan;LI Deyong;HE Pengpeng(Beijing Spacecraft,Beijing 100094;Department of Mechanical Engineering,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084)

机构地区：[1]北京卫星制造厂有限公司,北京100094 [2]清华大学机械工程系,北京100084

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2020年第5期202-210,共9页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(U1737207);国防基础科研(JCKY2016203B081)资助项目。

摘　　要：空间可展开机构在地面装配和模拟展开试验过程中受到重力作用而产生应力或变形,在太空环境下重力消失引起应力释放,造成空间机构的性能发生变化影响其在轨可靠运行。针对太阳翼等空间可展开机构地面装配和展开试验的重力卸载需求,提出基于真空负压吸附的重力卸载方法,通过对太阳翼的展开动力学分析,建立卸载重力的太阳翼动力学模型;分析摩擦因数对真空负压吸附系统运动性能的影响规律和重力补偿系统的跟随响应特性,实现重力卸载系统在水平面内的自由移动和快速跟随。试验结果表明,真空负压吸附重力卸载系统的接触界面摩擦因数小于0.08,在40N的太阳翼载荷下重力补偿系统的响应误差为±5%,综合重力卸载精度可以达到94.6%。因此,基于真空负压吸附的重力卸载方法具有很高的自由度和跟随响应速度,能够满足太阳翼等空间可展开机构精密装配和模拟展开试验的需求。The space deployable mechanism is produced stress or deformation caused by gravity during ground assembly and simulated deployment test. The disappearance of gravity in space environment causes stress release, which results in the performance change of space mechanism and affects its reliable operation on orbit. Aiming at the gravity compensation requirement of ground assembly and deployment test of space deployable mechanisms such as solar array, a gravity compensation method based on vacuum negative pressure adsorption is proposed. The dynamics model of solar array with unloading gravity is established by analyzing the dynamics of solar array deployment. The influence of friction coefficient on the motion performance of vacuum negative pressure adsorption system and the following response characteristics of gravity compensation system are analyzed. It realizes free movement and fast following of gravity compensation system in horizontal plane. The experimental results show that the contact friction coefficient of gravity compensation system based on vacuum negative pressure adsorption is less than 0.08, the response tolerances of gravity compensation system under 40 N solar wing load is ±5%, and the comprehensive gravity compensation accuracy can reach 94.6%. Therefore, the gravity compensation method based on vacuum negative pressure adsorption has high degree of freedom and following response speed, which can meet the requirements of precision assembly and simulated deployment test of solar array.

关 键 词：太阳翼 真空负压吸附 重力卸载 二维平动 

分 类 号：TH164[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]