长春市2018~2019年婴幼儿口服轮状病毒减毒活疫苗不良反应分析  

Analysis of adverse reaction of oral live attenuated rotavirus vaccine in infants in Changchun City,Jilin Province,China from 2018 to 2019

作　　者：陶育晖[1] 王世申[1] 胡芳芳 TAO Yu-hui;WANG Shi-shen;HU Fang-fang(Changchun Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Changchun 130033,Jjilin Province,China)

机构地区：[1]长春市疾病预防控制中心,吉林长春130033

出　　处：《中国生物制品学杂志》2020年第4期429-433,共5页Chinese Journal of Biologicals

基　　金：吉林省卫生与健康管理模式革新项目(2018G002)。

摘　　要：目的分析长春市2018~2019年婴幼儿口服轮状病毒减毒活疫苗(简称轮状病毒疫苗)不良反应。方法以2018年6月~2019年8月于长春市所有预防接种门诊口服轮状病毒疫苗的2~47月龄婴幼儿为研究对象,监测接种后30 min、3 d、30 d内发生的发热、乏力、烦躁、胃肠道反应及变态反应等情况,监测数据采用卡方检验进行统计分析。结果长春市2018年6月~2019年8月口服轮状病毒疫苗的2~47月龄婴幼儿共10822人次,发生不良反应1624例次,排在前5位不良反应依次为吐出疫苗、哭闹不止、发热、食欲下降及恶心呕吐,且未见变态反应等异常反应。月龄及疫苗复温情况是发生吐出疫苗的重要影响因素;月龄是发生哭闹不止的重要影响因素;性别、月龄及疫苗复温情况是发生发热重要影响因素;疫苗复温情况是发生食欲下降的重要影响因素。结论疫苗复温及降低接种年龄可缓解轮状病毒疫苗接种后的不良反应。Objective To observe and analyze the adverse reaction of oral live attenuated rotavirus vaccine in infants in Changchun City,Jilin Province,China from 2018 to 2019. Methods The infants inoculated with live attenuated rotavirus vaccine in all the vaccination clinics in Changchun City form June 2018 to August 2019,at ages of 2 ~ 47 months,were selected as the objects,and observed for fever,fatigue,irritability,gastrointestinal reaction and allergic reaction 30 min,3 d and 30 d after inoculation. The data were statistically analyzed by Chi-square test. Results A total of 10 822 infants at 2 ~ 47 months were inoculated with rotavirus vaccine in Changchun from June 2018 to August 2019,among whom 1 624 cases of adverse reactions were observed. The top five adverse reactions were spitting the vaccine out,continuously crying,fever,decreased appetite and nausea. No abnormal reactions such as allergic reactions were absenvesd. Age and rewarming of vaccine were the important influencing factors of spitting the vaccine out. Age was also the important influencing factor of continuously crying. However,gender,age and rewarming of vaccine were important influencing factors of fever,and rewarming of vaccine was also the important influencing factor of decreased appetite. Conclusion The rewarming of vaccine and decrease of the age for inoculation may relive the adverse reaction of rotavirus vaccine.

关 键 词：轮状病毒 减毒活疫苗 口服 不良反应 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]