浅埋厚煤层开采覆岩采动裂缝时空演化规律  

Spatio-temporal evolution of overburden fissures in shallow thick coal seam mining

作　　者：李建伟 刘长友[2] 卜庆为[3] LI Jianwei;LIU Changyou;BU Qingwei(Institute of Mining Engineering,Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology,Baotou,Inner Mongolia 014010,China;School of Mines,China University of Mining&Technology,Xuzhou,Jiangsu 221116,China;College of Mining and Coal,Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology,Baotou,Inner Mongolia 014010,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古科技大学矿业研究院,内蒙古包头014010 [2]中国矿业大学矿业工程学院,江苏徐州221116 [3]内蒙古科技大学矿业与煤炭学院,内蒙古包头014010

出　　处：《采矿与安全工程学报》2020年第2期238-246,共9页Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51864036,51574220);内蒙古自治区高等学校青年科技英才支持计划项目(NJYT-19-B33);内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目(2018BS05009)。

摘　　要：为了分析浅埋厚煤层采场覆岩失稳运动对采动裂缝形成的影响以及覆岩采动裂缝的动态发展变化特征,基于串草圪旦煤矿浅埋厚煤层开采为背景,采用相似模拟、理论分析、数值计算相结合,研究了浅埋厚煤层开采覆岩采动裂缝形成机理及其时空演化规律。结果表明:浅埋厚煤层采场覆岩移动变形随承载关键层的失稳运动呈现动态性变化特征,承载关键层的失稳运动导致覆岩产生直通地表的采动裂缝,裂缝的尺度特征亦随承载关键层的失稳运动发生动态性变化;覆岩采动裂缝具有明显的纵向和横向分区特征,纵向分区以承载关键层为界分为两个区域,横向分区将采空区覆岩分为裂缝产生区、裂缝贯通发展区以及裂缝闭合区;6104工作面采空区内裂缝贯通发展区在滞后工作面0~100 m范围内,当在采空区下开采时裂缝贯通发展区减小为0~80 m范围内,该区域内裂缝随滞后工作面距离的增大而趋于闭合。The formation mechanism and spatio-temporal evolution of overburden fissures have been investigated to analyze the influence of overburden rock instability on the formation and the dynamic development and variation characteristics of overburden fissures in shallow thick coal seam mining.Similar material simulation,theoretical analysis and numerical simulation have been combined in the mining of shallow thick coal seams in Chuancao Gedan Mine.The results have revealed that the move ment and deformation of overburden rocks present dynamic changes with the instable movement of loading key strata.That is,the instable movement of loading key strata leads to mining-induced fissures which directly reach the surface.The scale characteristics of overburden fissures also show dynamical changes with the instable movement of bearing key strata.Moreover,mining-induced fissures have obvious characteristics of vertical and horizontal partitions.The vertical partition is divided into two zones bounded by loading the key layer.The workface mined-out area was divided into the fissure initiation zone,the fissure propagation zone,and the fissure closure zone in the horizontal partitions.The fissure propagation zone in the mined-out area of workface 6104 is 0~100 m behind the workface and this distance will be reduced to 0~80 m if the mining workface is under mined-out area.In this area,the fissures tend to be closed as the lag distance increases.

关 键 词：浅埋厚煤层 承载关键层 采动裂缝 时空演化规律 

分 类 号：TD353[矿业工程—矿井建设]