厚松散层浅埋煤层大工作面开采沉陷模型研究  

Subsidence model of large working face in shallow buried coal seam with thick loose layer

作　　者：徐祝贺 朱润生[2] 何文瑞[1] 李晓斌 XU Zhuhe;ZHU Runsheng;HE Wenrui;LI Xiaobin(School of Energy and Mining Enginearing,China University of Mining&Technology-Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;School of Coal Engineering,Shanxi Datong University,Datong,Shanxi 037003,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学(北京)能源与矿业学院,北京100083 [2]山西大同大学煤炭工程学院,山西大同037003

出　　处：《采矿与安全工程学报》2020年第2期264-271,共8页Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0501100);煤炭开采水资源保护与利用国家重点实验室基金项目(GJNY-18-77)。

摘　　要：首先基于西部矿区大规模高强度开采特点,分析了大工作面开采后形成的地表沉陷区特征,并根据地表沉陷区最终的移动变形特点将其分为3类:三向移动变形区(1-4区)、双向移动变形区(5-8区)及单向移动区(9区)。基于关键层理论并考虑松散层移动特点和基岩破断特征,建立了充分采动条件下的地表沉陷区全断面预测模型。在此基础上,根据地表移动变形特点求出了大工作面超充分开采后地表沉陷区全断面的分区预测模型,结合实例以走向主断面移动变形为例,以地表最大下沉值、地表沉陷边界至拐点的水平距离为指标,将实测值和预测值对比,结果显示两指标的误差分别为8.5%和8.7%,在一定程度上表明了预测模型的合理性。运用该理论可以更精准的研究大工作面超充分开采形成的地表沉陷区域,为分区预测、分区研究、分区治理修复开采引起的地表生态损伤奠定了一定的理论基础。Firstly,in view of the characteristics of large-scale and high-intensity mining in western mining area,the features of surface subsidence area formed after mining in large working face has been analyzed,and the surface subsidence area has been divided into three categories according to its final characteristics of movement and deformation:three-dimensional movement and deformation area(zones 1 to 4),two-dimensional movement and deformation area(zones 5 to 8),one-dimensional movement area(zone 9).Based on the theory of key rock stratum and considering the characteristics of loose strata movement and bedrock breakage,a full section prediction model of surface subsidence area under full mining conditions has been established.On this basis,according to the characteristics of surface movement and deformation,the partition prediction model of full section of surface subsidence area after super-full mining of large working face has been obtained.With the movement and deformation of tend towards main section as an example,and the maximum surface subsidence value and the horizontal distance from the surface subsidence boundary to the inflection point as an indicator,measured values have been compared with the predicted values.The results have shown that the errors of the two indicators were 8.5%and 8.7%respectively,which shows rationality of the prediction model to some extent.The theory can be used to study the surface subsidence area more accurately formed by over-exploitation of large working face.It lays a certain theoretical foundation for study of partition prediction,research,treatment,and restoration of surface ecological damage caused by mining.

关 键 词：厚松散层 浅埋煤层 大工作面 沉陷模型 分区 

分 类 号：TD325[矿业工程—矿井建设]