基于故障行波沿线突变和模型匹配的辐射状配电网故障定位  

Fault Location of Radial Distribution Network Based on Sudden Changes of Fault Traveling Wave Along Line and Model Matching

作　　者：束洪春[1] 刘佳露 田鑫萃[1] SHU Hongchun;LIU Jialu;TIAN Xincui(Faculty of Electric Power Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650051,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学电力工程学院,云南省昆明市650051

出　　处：《电力系统自动化》2020年第9期158-163,共6页Automation of Electric Power Systems

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51667010)。

摘　　要：针对辐射状配电网拓扑结构复杂,故障分支难以辨识等问题,文中在定义拓扑主干的基础上,利用主成分分析(PCA)和支持向量机(SVM)构造PCA-SVM模型提取故障电流行波的曲线簇特征,划分故障区段并定义为割集。然后,通过正、反向电压行波构造测距函数,提取行波突变点沿线分布特征,并根据突变点幅值、极性以及时窗和线长间的关系剔除无效突变点,甄别出有效突变点。对于无法剔除的干扰突变点,采用"测后模拟"结合故障支路判别式进一步滤除,甄别出有效突变点,从而实现辐射状配电网准确故障定位。最后,应用PSCAD仿真软件对不同分支的故障进行实验,结果表明所提方法能实现故障点的准确定位。Aiming at the problems of complex topology of the radial distribution network and difficult identification of faulty branch, based on the definition of the topological backbone, the principal component analysis(PCA)-support vector machine(SVM) model is constructed by PCA and SVM, which is used to extract the curve cluster characteristics of the fault current traveling wave, and the fault section is divided and defined as a cut set. Then, the ranging function is constructed by the relationship between the forward and reverse voltage traveling waves, the distribution characteristics of traveling wave along line are extracted, the invalid mutation points are filtered according to the relationship between the amplitude, polarity, time window and line length of the mutation point, and the effective mutation point is identified. For the extra mutation points that cannot be filtered out, the"post-test simulation"combined with the fault branch discriminant is further filtered to identify the effective mutation points and achieve accurate fault location of the radial distribution network. Finally, the PSCAD simulation software is used to simulate the faults of different branches and the results show that the proposed method can accurately locate the fault points.

关 键 词：辐射状配电网 故障割集 行波突变点 相继观测时窗 测距函数 

分 类 号：TM727[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]