牙科高速涡轮手机故障发生及其原因分析的7年回顾性研究  

Malfunction of dental high speed turbine handpiece and cause analysis:a retrospective study for 7 years

作　　者：尹丽娜[1] 邵智煜 张熙苹 Yin Lina;Shao Zhiyu;Zhang Xiping(The Fourth Outpatient Department,Peking University Hospital of Stomatology,Beijing 100025,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学口腔医院第四门诊部,北京100025

出　　处：《中华现代护理杂志》2020年第9期1151-1155,共5页Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing

摘　　要：目的分析高速涡轮手机(简称涡轮手机)出现故障可能的原因,提出相应预防措施,以保障临床工作,延长使用寿命,为临床成本测算提供依据。方法回顾2012年2月—2019年1月北京大学口腔医院第四门诊部的85支涡轮手机使用7年间的维修记录,建立故障分类系统,根据故障来源分为轴承问题(表现为转速异常、声音异常、动力不足、车针不转)、夹轴问题(表现为车针卡不住、车针取不下、车针安不上)、密封性问题(涡轮手机漏水)、光纤问题(涡轮手机头部灯不亮)、水路问题(涡轮手机头部间断出水、不出水、水喷不到车针上)和部件松动(后盖弹出)等6类。统计各类故障表现的发生频次,分析故障发生的规律和原因。结果85支涡轮手机7年间共发生142次机械故障,出现频率最高的为轴承问题(48.59%,69/142),其次为夹轴问题(18.31%,26/142)和手机密封性问题(16.20%,23/142)。其中因轴承问题共更换轴承9次,分别为第2、3、4年各2次,第5年3次,表现均为车针不转,其余60次维修后可继续使用。故障发生频次7年间有波动增长,其中第7年增多(共50次)。轴承问题和夹轴问题从使用初期即开始出现,历年发生率均较高。水路问题、部件松动、密封性问题等在使用第4~5年以后出现或增长。结论涡轮手机部件正常和非正常磨耗是造成各类故障的根本原因。大部分部件使用3~5年开始出现故障,到第7年接近寿命。但若使用/维护方法不当,早期即会出现轴承和夹轴故障。新涡轮手机故障分类有助于明确故障来源,以便后续维修及采取相应的预防措施。Objective To analyze the causes of malfunction of high speed turbine handpiece abbreviated as turbine handpiece and put forward preventive measure to guarantee the clinical work and increase service life so as to provide a basis for clinical cost estimation.Methods We retrospected the maintenance records of 85 turbine handpieces in the Fourth Outpatient Department of Peking University Hospital of Stomatology for 7 years,from February 2012 to January 2019 to build the malfunction classification system.The causes were divided into 6 categories based on fault source including the bearing problems(abnormal speed,abnormal voice,poor motivation and bur did not turn),clip shaft problems(non-jammed bur,the bur could not be taken down and installed),tightness problems(turbine handpiece leaked water),fibre-optical problems(the light in the head of turbine handpiece did not work),waterway problems(the head of turbine handpiece discontinuously sent out water,did not send out water,and the water could not reach the bur)and components loosing(the back cover ejected).We counted the frequency of all categories of malfunction and analyzed the regularity and causes.Results Among 85 turbine handpieces,there were 142 malfunctions within 7 years.The most frequent problems were the bearing problems(48.59%,69/142)followed by clip shaft problems(18.31%,26/142)and tightness problems(16.20%,23/142).The bearings were changed for 9 times because of bearing problems showing that the bur did not turn,2 times in the second,third and four year,3 times in the fifth year;besides,the bearings could work after being maintained for 60 times.Within 7 years,the frequency of malfunction increased unsteadily and the biggest rise(50 times)was in the seven year.The bearing problems and clip shaft problems began to happen from initial application and the incidences of them were high.The waterway problems,components loosing and tightness problems happened or increased in the fourth and fifth year after application.Conclusions Normal or abnormal component ab

关 键 词：牙科器械 高速涡轮手机 故障 保养 管腔器械 

分 类 号：R19[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]