真实感水力侵蚀地形建模与绘制  

Realistic modeling and rendering of hydraulic erosion terrain

作　　者：郑顾平[1] 张萌 邵绪强[1] 伍朝辉[2] ZHENG Gu-ping;ZHANG Meng;SHAO Xu-qiang;WU Zhao-hui(School of Control and Computer Engineering,North China Electric Power University,Baoding Hebei 071003,China;Basic Research Innovation Center,Academy of Transportation Sciences,Beijing 100019,China)

机构地区：[1]华北电力大学控制与计算机工程学院,河北保定071003 [2]交通运输部科学研究院基础研究创新中心,北京100019

出　　处：《图学学报》2020年第2期169-177,共9页Journal of Graphics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(61502168);中央高校基本科研业务费专项(2018MS068);北京市自然科学基金项目(4182018)。

摘　　要：水力侵蚀地表是现实生活及虚拟场景中常见的一种自然现象。为研究水力对地表的侵蚀现象,提出一种采用光滑粒子流体动力学(SPH)模拟流体对地形表面的湿润以及侵蚀过程的真实感仿真模型。通过对自然界中真实溅蚀现象进行合理简化描述,建立一种包含3个阶段的地形水力溅蚀模型:首先,利用弹丸冲击平板靶材变形模型模拟水流冲击地表变形效果;其次,构建基于达西定律的水流渗透量计算方法以确保地表吸水与水分扩散的真实性;最后,提出将地表湿润度因素对地表侵蚀的影响考虑在内的新型计算模型,实现与冲蚀相融合模拟积水继续运动对地表冲蚀作用。实验结果表明,该模型能够真实地模拟出不同方向的水流对地表的侵蚀效果以及侵蚀过程中地表吸水与湿润扩散现象。Hydraulic erosion topography is a common natural phenomenon in both real life and virtual scenes. In order to study the surface erosion by hydraulic power, a realistic simulation model is proposed by applying the smoothed particle hydrodynamics(SPH) to simulate the wetting and erosion process of the surface affected by fluid. Based on the reasonable simplified description of the real splash erosion in nature, a three stages topographic hydraulic splash erosion model is proposed. Firstly, the effect of water flow on the surface is simulated by the deformation model of projectile impacting flat target. Secondly, the calculation method of water permeability based on Darcy’s law is used to ensure the authenticity of surface water absorption and water diffusion. Finally, a new calculation model is proposed, which takes into account the influence of surface moisture on surface erosion. The experimental results show that the model can simulate the erosion effects of water flow in different directions on surface and the phenomena of surface water absorption and moisture diffusion during the erosion process.

关 键 词：水力侵蚀 光滑粒子流体动力学 溅蚀 达西定律 湿润扩散 

分 类 号：TP391[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]