高校新生体成分及血压水平的横断面调查  

A cross-sectional survey of body composition and blood pressure of college freshmen in colleges

作　　者：李菊 杨丽婷[2] 雷赛 姚紫珺 余可斐 张垚 钟萍[6] 郭怀兰 LI Ju;YANG Liting;LEI Sai;YAO Zijun;YU Kefei;ZHANG Yao;ZHONG Ping;GU Huailan(College of Nursing,Hubei University of Medicine,Hubei Province,Shiyan 442000,China;Center for Environment and Health in Water Source Area of South-to-North Water Diversion,Hubei University of Medicine,Hubei Province,Shiyan 442000,China;School of Public Health and Management,Hubei University of Medicine,Hubei Province,Shiyan 442000,China;Department of Nursing,Taihe Hospital,Hubei Province,Shiyan 442000,China;Medical Health-Care Center,Hubei University of Medicine,Hubei Province,Shiyan 442000,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北医药学院护理学院,湖北十堰442000 [2]湖北医药学院南水北调水源区环境与健康研究中心,湖北十堰442000 [3]湖北医药学院公共卫生与管理学院,湖北十堰442000 [4]湖北医药学院公共卫生与管理学院教研室,湖北十堰442000 [5]湖北省十堰市太和医院护理部,湖北十堰442000 [6]湖北医药学院医疗保健中心,湖北十堰442000

出　　处：《中国医药导报》2020年第12期4-8,共5页China Medical Herald

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(81372998);湖北医药学院创新团队项目(FDFR201602);湖北医药学院研究生科技创新项目(YC2019041)。

摘　　要：目的了解高校新生体成分及血压水平。方法采用整群抽样,于2018年9~10月测量湖北省十堰市某高校2018年9月新入学的大一学生体成分和血压水平。结果共纳入学生3172名。男生体重、体重指数、骨质、蛋白质、肌肉、骨骼肌、瘦体重、总水分、基础代谢及水肿系数高于女生,且体脂率、脂肪低于女生,差异有高度统计学意义(P<0.01)。不同性别体脂率、体重指数及血压检出率比较,差异有高度统计学意义(P<0.01)。不同血压水平新生骨质、蛋白质、肌肉、骨骼肌、瘦体重、总水分及基础代谢比较,差异有高度统计学意义(P<0.01)。体重指数、腰臀比与血压呈正相关(r>0,P<0.01);骨质/体重、基础代谢率/体重、水肿系数/体重与血压呈负相关(r<0,P<0.05或P<0.01)。此外,水肿系数/体重、肌肉/体重、骨质/体重、基础代谢率/体重是收缩压的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论有较大比例新生处于超重、肥胖,正常血压高值、高血压,高校应加强健康教育,指导学生减重、减脂、降血压。Objective To explore the body composition and blood pressure levels of freshmen in colleges.Methods Cluster sampling was used to measure the body composition and blood pressure of freshmen in a college in Shiyan City,Hubei Province from September to October 2018.Results A total of 3172 students were included in this survey.Boys′body weight,body mass index,bone mass,protein,muscle,skeletal muscle,lean body mass,total water,basal metabolism and edema coefficient were higher than girls,and body fat rate and fat were lower than girls,the differences were highly statistically significant(P<0.01).The differences in body fat rate,body mass index and blood pressure detection rate between different genders were highly statistically significant(P<0.01).Compared with new bone,protein,muscle,skeletal muscle,lean body mass,total water and basal metabolism of freshmen among different blood pressure levels,and the differences were highly statistically significant(P<0.01).Body mass index,waist-to-hip ratio were positively correlated with blood pressure(r>0,P<0.01);bone mass/weight,basal metabolic rate/weight,edema coefficient/weight were negatively correlated with blood pressure(r<0,P<0.05 or P<0.01).In addition,edema coefficient/body weight,muscle/body weight,bone mass/body weight,basal metabolic rate/body weight were influencing factors of systolic blood pressure(P<0.05).Conclusion A large proportion of freshmen are overweight,obesity,normal high blood pressure,high blood pressure.The college should strengthen health education in order to help students lose weight,fat and blood pressure.

关 键 词：高校新生 体成分 血压水平 横断面调查 

分 类 号：R473.1[医药卫生—护理学]