健康教育对贫困少数民族地区儿童喂养行为的干预效果  

Intervention effect of health education on feeding behavior of children in poverty and ethnic minorities areas

作　　者：刘晓曦[1,2] 陈永超[2] 丁雪[2] 王芳[2] LIU Xiaoxi;CHEN Yongchao;DING Xue;WANG Fang(National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing100050,China;Institute of Medical Information,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,Beijing 100020,China)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心慢性非传染性疾病预防控制中心,北京100050 [2]中国医学科学院医学信息研究所,北京100020

出　　处：《中国医药导报》2020年第12期69-71,84,共4页China Medical Herald

基　　金：国家卫生计生委妇幼司委托项目;中国医学科学院医学与健康科技创新工程项目(2016-I2M-3-018)。

摘　　要：目的评价具有民族敏感性的健康教育对贫困少数民族地区儿童喂养行为的干预效果。方法以云南省怒江州为案例,采用多阶段随机抽样方法,于2012年5~6月和2015年11月~2016年1月分别抽取当地学龄前儿童照护人869名和897名进行问卷调查。干预措施包括发放具有民族敏感性的健康传播材料、举办宣传活动、利用常规门诊提供营养咨询等。采用χ~2检验和logistic回归等方法进行统计分析。结果干预后儿童近1个月内没有及≤4次/月进食奶类、豆类、肉类和蛋类比例低于其他进食频率,差异有高度统计学意义(P<0.01)。除豆类外,其他类别食物进食频率≥5次/周比例明显高于其他进食频率,差异有高度统计学意义(P<0.01)。接受干预、家庭收入高、父母未外出务工为进食各类食物的影响因素(OR>1,P<0.05)。结论健康教育有助于改善贫困少数民族地区儿童喂养行为,建议采取健康教育、提高家庭收入、关注留守儿童等综合干预措施。Objective To evaluate the intervention effect of ethnic-sensitive health education on feeding behavior of children in poverty and ethnic minorities areas.Methods A total of 869 and 897 caregivers of preschool children in Nujiang Prefecture,Yunnan Province were sampled respectively by multi-stage random sampling from May to June2012 and November 2015 to January 2016.The release of ethnic-sensitive health communication materials,publicity activities,and nutrition counseling through routine outpatient were included in the interventions.Chi-square test and logistic regression were adopted for statistical analysis.Results After the intervention,the proportion of preschool children who did not or less than 4 times/month eat milk,beans,meat and eggs were lower than other eating frequencies,and the differences were highly statistically significant(P<0.01).With the exception of legumes,the frequency of eating other types of food≥5 times/week were significantly higher than those of other eating frequencies,and the differences were highly statistically significant(P<0.01).Acceptance of intervention,high family income,and parents not working outside were influencing factors of eating various types of food(OR>1,P<0.05).Conclusion Health education is helpful to improve the feeding behavior of children in poverty and ethnic areas.It is suggested to take comprehensive interventions such as health education,raising family income and paying attention to left behind children.

关 键 词：健康教育 儿童 喂养行为 少数民族 贫困 

分 类 号：R174[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]