光敏色素的结构及其信号调控机制  

Structure and signal regulation mechanism of phytochrome

作　　者：张媛媛 ZHANG Yuan-yuan(School of Life Science,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学生命科学学院,天津300072

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2020年第4期5-10,共6页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：光信号参与并调节植物生命周期中的许多生理过程,而植物可通过自身的光感受器来感知多样的光照信息。光敏色素(Phytochromes,phy)作为一种感知红光/远红光的植物色素蛋白,在植物种子发芽、开花、发育转变、趋光性、避阴反应等适应性应答中发挥着重要作用。光敏色素以吸收红光的非活性形式Pr和吸收远红光的活性形式Pfr存在,这一差别明显体现在二者的结构中。综述了光敏色素两种形式的结构差异及其信号调控机制,并以光敏色素在植物光合作用中的调节作用为例,进一步理解光敏色素对于植物生长发育的重要性,最后对未来的研究方向进行了展望。Light signals participate in and regulate multiple reactions in plant life cycles, and plants can obtain diverse optical information through their own photoreceptors. Phytochrome(phy) is one of the phytochrome proteins that sense red/far-red light, which plays an important role in developmental transitions such as germination and flowering, and adaptive responses such as phototropism and shade avoidance. Phytochromes exist in two interchangeable forms, the Pr form absorbs R light,whereas the Pfr form absorbs FR light, and this difference is evident in the structure of them. The structural differences and signal regulation mechanisms of the two forms of photopigmentation are reviewed. Moreover, we take the regulation of phytochrome on plant photosynthesis as an example to illustrate the significance of phytochrome for plant growth and development.Finally, the directions for future studies are discussed.

关 键 词：光敏色素 结构 信号调控 光合作用 

分 类 号：Q94[生物学—植物学]