肥水控制纽荷尔脐橙枝梢生长初步研究  

Preliminary study on shoots growth of newhall navel citrus by controlling water and fertilizer

作　　者：柳嘉程 柳东海 刘烽 刘永忠[1] LIU Jia-cheng;LIU Dong-hai;LIU Feng;LIU Yong-zhong(Key Laboratory for Biology of Horticultural Plants,Ministry of Education,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学园艺植物生物学教育部重点实验室,武汉430070

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2020年第4期102-104,115,共4页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划支持项目(218YFD0201505);国家现代农业(柑橘)产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-26)。

摘　　要：以纽荷尔脐橙(Citrus sinensis Osbeck ‘Newhall’)树为材料,在柑橘夏梢生长期进行控水控肥处理(T1),同时以滴灌施加氮磷钾水溶肥为对照(CK);在秋梢生长期内对CK和T1处理的树体统一采取控水控肥处理(T2),并于夏梢、秋梢老熟后,分别对抽梢率、抽梢密度、梢长、梢粗、枝梢叶片数进行调查。结果表明,限制水分和肥料的施用显著降低了纽荷尔脐橙夏梢抽梢率、夏梢长度、夏梢粗度、叶片数;夏秋两季控水控肥处理(T1+T2)与夏季滴灌施肥后秋季控水控肥的处理(CK+T2)相比,秋梢的长度显著下降,短梢比例增加,在一定程度上控制了夏、秋梢生长。结果为实际生产过程中研发合适的控水措施或灌溉施肥频率、实现柑橘枝梢生长的省力高效调控奠定了基础。The newhall navel citrus(Citrus sinensis Osbeck ‘Newhall’) tree was used as the material. In the summer shoot growth period, controlling water and fertilizer was used as a treatment(T1), and the NPK water soluble fertilizer was applied by drip irrigation as control(CK). During the autumn shoots growth period, the controlling water and fertilizer treatment(T2)was applied to the trees which was applied by CK and T1 treatment in summer. Shooting rate, shooting density, shoot length, shoot thickness and leaf number of shoot were surveyed after the summer shoots and autumn shoots were matured,respectively. The results showed that T1 treatment significantly reduced the summer shoot shooting rate, summer shoot length,summer shoot thickness and leaf number of newhall navel orange. Compared with the CK+T2 treatment, the length of autumn shoots in T1 +T2 treatment decreased significantly, and the proportion of short shoots in T1 +T2 treatment increased, the growth of summer and autumn shoots was restricted to some extent. The results laid a foundation for the research and development of water controlling measures or fertilization frequency in the actual production process to achieve the labor-saving and effective regulation of citrus shoot growth.

关 键 词：柑橘 纽荷尔脐橙(Citrus sinensis Osbeck'Newhall’) 枝梢生长 控梢 控水控肥 

分 类 号：S666[农业科学—果树学]