乐都紫皮大蒜叶片生长发育与果聚糖代谢的关系  

Relation between Leaves Growth and Fructan Metabolism of Ledu Purple Skin Garlic(Allium sativum L.)

作　　者：田洁 边海燕 铁原毓 张广楠 李屹[1] Tian Jie;Bian Haiyan;Tie Yuanyu;Zhang Guangnan;Li Yi(Qinghai Key Laboratory of Vegetable Genetics and Physiology,Agriculture and Forestry Sciences Institute of Qinghai University,Xining,810016;State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture,Qinghai University,Xining,810016)

机构地区：[1]青海大学农林科学院,青海省蔬菜遗传与生理重点实验室,西宁810016 [2]青海大学,省部共建三江源生态与高原农牧业国家重点实验室,西宁810016

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2020年第9期3041-3047,共7页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31760568);青海省科技厅科技成果转化专项(2019-NK-116);青海省科技厅科技合作专项(2018-HZ-808);青海省农林科学院创新基金项目(2016-NKY-02)共同资助。

摘　　要：为了探讨高原大蒜生长特性及其果聚糖代谢规律,分析叶片生长发育与果聚糖代谢的关系,本研究以"乐都紫皮大蒜"为材料,对不同发育期的大蒜叶片生长情况、生理指标及其果聚糖代谢关键基因的表达特征进行了解析。结果表明:随着生育期的延续,大蒜植株的最大叶长、最大叶宽和单株叶片数均稳步增加。叶片生理指标呈现先升高后降低的趋势,总叶绿素含量在花芽分化之前快速上升,在抽薹期达到最大值2.32 mg/g FW;组织含水量在鳞茎膨大初期达到最大值89.06%,随后急剧降低。在整个发育过程中,大蒜叶片蔗糖:蔗糖1-果糖基转移酶基因(1-SST)和果聚糖外切水解酶基因(1-FEH)表达量存在显著差异,从幼苗期至鳞茎膨大初期,1-SST基因表达量显著高于1-FEH。1-SST的表达在全生育期表现为"升高-降低"的趋势,在抽薹期,1-SST的表达量达到峰值,比幼苗期提高了17.51倍;1-FEH在全生育期的表达量均较低,呈现起伏波动的趋势,在收获期表达量最高,是苗期的2.41倍。综合分析说明,大蒜叶片叶绿素和果聚糖的合成高峰主要在抽薹期,抽薹期是大蒜叶片生长发育和果聚糖代谢的关键时期,大蒜可通过叶绿素的合成以及1-SST和1-FEH的差异表达进一步影响鳞茎果聚糖的累积。In order to investigate growth characteristics,metabolic regulation and the relationship between development and fructan metabolism of garlic leaves in plateau,with’Ledu purple skin garlic’as material,we studied the growth situation,physiological indicators and key fructan genes expression at different developmental stages.The results showed that the maximum leaf length,maximum lea f width and blades number per plant increased throughout.During the developmental stages,the physiological indicators of garlic leave exhibited firstly upward and then downward trend.Total chlorophyll content reached the peak(2.32 mg/g FW)at bolting stage,with a remarkable increase before flower bud differentiation stage.Tissue water content reached the peak(89.06%)at bulb swelling initial stage,showing a sharp decrease thereafter.The expressions of sucrose:sucrose 1-fructosyltransferase gene(1-SST)and fructan exohydrolase gene(1-FEH)of garlic leaves showed significantly difference over the entire developmental period.From seedling stage to bulb swelling initial stage,1-SST gene expression was significantly higher than that of 1-FEH.During the whole period,the expression of 1-SST showed"uptrend-downtrend".The1-SST expression reached the maximum at bolting stage,being enhanced by 17.51-fold compared with the value at seedling stage.The expressions in the whole growth period were low,showing the fluctuation trend.The highest expression of 1-FEH occurred at harvest stage,which was 2.41 times the value at seedling stage.The comprehensive analysis shows that the synthesis peak of chlorophyll and fructan appears at bolting stage.The critical period of leave growth and fructan metabolism is supposed to be bolting stage.The fructan accumulation of bulbs could be regulated by chlorophyll synthesis and differential expression of 1-SST and 1-FEH in garlic leaves.

关 键 词：高原大蒜 叶片发育 果聚糖代谢 基因表达 

分 类 号：S633.4[农业科学—蔬菜学]