新型冠状病毒实验室检查方法的应用现状及结果解读  

Application status and result interpretation of novel coronavirus laboratory test method

作　　者：吴嘉[1] 汪俊军[1] WU Jia;WANG Jun-jun(Department of Clinical Laboratory,General Hospital of Eastern Theater Command,PLA,Nanjing 210002,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]东部战区总医院(原南京军区南京总医院)临床检验科,南京210002

出　　处：《医学研究生学报》2020年第5期449-453,共5页Journal of Medical Postgraduates

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81572074,81871702)。

摘　　要：对于严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2(SARS-CoV-2)感染的新型冠状病毒病(COVID-19),临床实践中亟需快速、有效的方法及时对不同病程患者及疑似患者进行明确地诊断。核酸检测是病原学检查的首要手段,特异性IgM和IgG的检测,不仅有助于疾病的诊断,还可对感染阶段进行评估。临床实际应用中,核酸检测存在着“假阴性”问题,抗体检测一定程度上可弥补核酸检测“漏检”的风险,如何对两者联合检测的结果进行正确解读,是目前疫情防控的关键。文中将从核酸检测的现况与应用评估,核酸检测“假阴性”原因分析以及抗体检测的价值与应用前景等方面对COVID-19实验室检查方法进行讨论。For novel coronavirus disease(COVID-19)infected by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),rapid and effective methods for timely and definite diagnosis of patients with different disease courses and suspected patients are urgently needed in clinical practice.Nucleic acid test(NAT)is the primary means of etiological examination.The test of specific IgM and IgG helps not only the disease diagnosis,but also the infection stage assessment.In clinical practice,there is a problem of"false negatives"in NAT,while antibody test can make up for the risk of"missing cases"in NAT to a certain extent.In this paper,the laboratory test method of COVID-19 will be discussed from the current situation and application evaluation of NAT,the cause analysis of"false negatives",and the value and prospect of antibody test.

关 键 词：严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2 实验室检查 核酸 IGM IGG 

分 类 号：R511[医药卫生—内科学]