江苏省南通市17例人感染H7N9禽流感确诊病例流行病学特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of 17 confirmed cases of human infection with H7N9 avian influenza in Nantong City,Jiangsu Province

作　　者：魏叶[1] 苏婧[1] 季霄雷 朱平[1] 张烽[1] WEI Ye;SU Jing;JI Xiaolei;ZHU Ping;ZHANG Feng(Nantong City Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Jiangsu226006,China)

机构地区：[1]南通市疾病预防控制中心,江苏226006

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2020年第4期374-377,共4页Journal of Medical Pest Control

基　　金：江苏省科技项目—社会发展—重大科技示范(BE2017749)。

摘　　要：目的描述和分析人感染H7N9禽流感确诊病例的流行病学特征,为制定疫情防控措施提供依据。方法采用流行病学描述方法,收集分析人感染H7N9禽流感确诊病例的临床和流行病学资料;采用实时荧光定量PCR法对病例和密切接触者咽拭子(或下呼吸提取物)标本、溯源外环境标本进行H7N9禽流感病毒核酸检测。结果2015年4月6日~2017年5月8日全市报告17例确诊病例,男性13例、女性4例,年龄中位数64岁,≥65岁病例病死率75.00%(6/8),合并慢性基础性疾病或孕产史病例病死率85.71%(6/7)。病例均为散发,13例有活禽接触史或活禽市场暴露史。累计追踪管理密切接触者110人,未发现二代病例。外环境应急监测H7N9核酸检测阳性率16.30%(30/184)。结论中老年人是人感染H7N9禽流感的主要易感人群,相同暴露情况下,合并基础疾病史或孕产史预后差、病死率高。规范活禽交易是人感染H7N9禽流感防控的关键环节。Objective To describe and analyze the epidemiological characteristics of confirmed cases of human infection with H7N9 avian influenza,and to provide evidence for the development of epidemic prevention and control measures.Methods Clinical and epidemiological data of confirmed cases of human infection with H7N9 avian influenza was collected and analyzed by epidemiological description method.The nucleic acid of H7N9 avian influenza virus was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR in samples from pharyngeal swabs(or lower respiratory extracts)of patients and close contacts,as well as samples from the traceable environment.Results From April 6,2015 to May 8,2017,17 confirmed cases were reported in the whole City,including 13 males and 4 females.The median age of the patients was 64 years old.The fatality rate was 75.00%(6/8)in the cases of≥65 years old,and the mortality rate was 85.71%(6/7)in patients with chronic basic diseases or a history of pregnancy.All cases were sporadic,and 13 cases had a history of live poultry contact or exposure to live poultry markets.A total of 110 people were closely contacted and managed,and no secondary cases were found.The positive rate of H7N9 nucleic acid detection was 16.30%(30/184)in external environmental emergency monitoring.Conclusion Middle-aged and elderly people are the main susceptible population of H7N9 avian influenza infection.Under the same exposure condition,the prognosis of patients with a history of basic diseases or pregnancy is poor and the mortality is high.Regulating live poultry markets effectively is a key link in the prevention and control of human infection with H7N9 avian influenza.

关 键 词：人感染H7N9禽流感 流行病学 活禽交易 

分 类 号：R511.7[医药卫生—内科学]