铜-石墨-WS2-碳纳米管复合材料的滑动电磨损机制  

Sliding electrical wear mechanisms of Cu-graphite-WS2-carbon nanotubes composite

作　　者：钱刚 陆大伟 蔡承宇[2] 赵浩 周子珏 凤仪 QIAN Gang;LU Dawei;CAI Chengyu;ZHAO Hao;ZHOU Zijue;FENG Yi(Instrumental Analysis Center, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China;Department of Materials Engineering, Zhejiang Industry and Trade Vocational College, Wenzhou 325002, China)

机构地区：[1]合肥工业大学分析测试中心,安徽合肥230009 [2]浙江工贸职业技术学院材料工程系,浙江温州325002

出　　处：《合肥工业大学学报（自然科学版）》2020年第4期457-462,共6页Journal of Hefei University of Technology：Natural Science

基　　金：安徽省自然科学基金资助项目(1808085ME122);温州市科技计划资助项目(G20150023)。

摘　　要：滑动电接触材料的功能是在设备的固定部件和运动部件之间传递电流,其在运行过程中受到机械载荷和电载荷的共同作用。铜-石墨复合材料因其优异的机械强度、良好的导电导热性能以及自润滑特性,常被用来制备电刷、受电弓滑板等滑动电接触元件。然而随着各类电机的高速高载化,传统铜-石墨复合材料已越来越无法满足需求。文章通过粉末冶金热压法在铜-石墨复合材料中掺杂WS2及碳纳米管制备铜-石墨-WS2-碳纳米管(Cu-G-WS2-CNTs)复合材料,在通电条件下对其滑动摩擦磨损性能进行研究并分析其滑动电磨损机制。结果表明:滑动电磨损过程中Cu-G-WS2-CNTs复合材料的摩擦系数和磨损率均低于铜-石墨复合材料,是由于石墨、WS2及碳纳米管三者间的协同润滑作用所致;电磨损表面形貌显示Cu-G-WS2-CNTs复合材料的滑动电磨损机制主要有磨粒磨损、粘着磨损、表面疲劳磨损以及氧化磨损。Sliding electrical contact materials are used to conduct current between stationary part and moving part of devices.Performance of sliding electrical contact materials is greatly affected by the combined effects of mechanical and electrical loading.Cu-graphite composites are the most widely used sliding electrical contact materials due to their superior combined properties of high mechanical strength,excellent electrical and thermal conductivities and self-lubricating property.However,due to the rapid development of motor industries,the conventional Cu-graphite composites gradually cannot meet the requirements.In this study,WS2 and carbon nanotubes were mixed with Cu-graphite composite via hot-pressing method to fabricate Cu-graphite-WS2-carbon nanotubes(Cu-G-WS2-CNTs)composite.Sliding electrical friction and wear behaviors of the composite were investigated and its electrical wear mechanisms were also analyzed.The results demonstrated that the friction coefficient and wear rate of Cu-G-WS2-CNTs composite in the process of sliding electrical wear were both lower than those of Cu-graphite composite.These were due to the synergetic lubricating effect of graphite,WS2 and carbon nanotubes.SEM morphologies of worn surfaces indicated that the main sliding electrical wear mechanisms of Cu-G-WS2-CNTs composite were abrasive wear,adhesive wear,surface fatigue wear and oxidation wear.

关 键 词：铜-石墨复合材料 WS2 碳纳米管 电磨损机制 协同润滑 

分 类 号：TB331[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]