高效包埋硝化活性填料硝化特性及应用研究  

Nitrification characteristics and application research of high-efficiency embedded filler

作　　者：王少伦 杨宏[1] WANG Shaolun;YANG Hong(Key Laboratory of Beijing Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124,China)

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学水质科学与水环境恢复工程北京市重点实验室,北京100124

出　　处：《化工学报》2020年第5期2305-2311,共7页CIESC Journal

基　　金：中央引导地方科技发展专项(Z161100004516015)。

摘　　要：为考察市政污水条件下高效包埋填料的硝化特性,采用聚乙烯醇对硝化细菌进行固定化处理。实验室恢复培养后实验考察了包埋填料对水力停留时间、温度等因素的适应性变化以及包埋填料在市政污水中的应用。结果表明,恢复后的填料实现了氨氧化速率93.20 mg·(L·h)-1的高表达。在常温条件下,水力停留时间对包埋填料硝化速率影响较小;温度对硝化速率影响显著,当水温为12℃时,氨氧化速率最高为30.70 mg·(L·h)-1。在市政污水低温和常温条件下,当水力停留时间分别为3 h和1 h时,进水氨氮基本完全去除,表明包埋填料用于市政污水硝化是完全可行的。扫描电镜结果显示填料内部有良好的孔隙度,网状结构明显;荧光定量PCR结果表明细菌大量增殖,说明填料为微生物提供了良好的生长微环境。In order to investigate nitrification characteristics of high-efficiency embedded filler under municipal sewage,polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)was used to immobilize nitrifying bacteria.After the recovery culture in the laboratory,the experimental study on the adaptability of the embedded filler to the hydraulic retention time(HRT)and temperature and the application of the embedded filler in municipal sewage.The results showed that the efficiency of filler reached 93.20 mg·(L·h)-1 eventually after recovery culture.Under normal temperature conditions,HRT has little effect on the nitrification efficiency of embedded filler;temperature has a significant effect on nitrification efficiency.When the water temperature was 12℃,the ammonia oxidation rate of the filler was up to30.70 mg·(L·h)-1.Under the conditions of low temperature and normal temperature of municipal sewage,when the HRT is 3 h and 1 h respectively,the influent ammonia was completely removed,indicating that the embedded filler is completely feasible for municipal sewage nitrification.Scanning electron microscope(SEM)observations showed that the filler had good porosity inside and the network structure was obvious.Quantitative real-time PCR results showed the number of bacteria has greatly increased,indicating that the filler provided a good microenvironment for microorganisms.

关 键 词：固定化 硝化活性填料 硝化特性 水力停留时间 温度 荧光定量PCR 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]