黄河三角洲粉质盐碱土土壤结构特征与渗透性关系分析  

Analysis of Relationship Between Soil Structure Characteristics and Permeability of Silty Saline-alkali Soil in the Yellow River Delta

作　　者：耿雨晗 刘传孝[1] 李克升 李全新 GENG Yu-han;LIU Chuan-xiao;LI Ke-sheng;LI Quan-xin(College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271000, Shandong Province, China)

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学水利土木工程学院,山东泰安271000

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2020年第2期27-31,36,共6页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：山东省重点研发计划项目(2018GNC110023)。

摘　　要：以黄河三角洲粉质盐碱土为研究对象,通过扫描电镜及压汞试验,结合土壤渗透系数,分析土壤结构特征与渗透性之间的关系。结果表明:黄河三角洲原状盐碱土土颗粒呈紧密镶嵌式排列,孔隙狭窄且不连通,孔隙主要为小孔隙和微孔隙,孔径较小;对原状土进行渗透试验得到渗透系数为6.46×10^-5 cm/s,渗透性较差;将土壤重塑后由于絮凝集聚体被破坏且该地区盐碱土中粉粒含量较多,其渗透系数降为2.40×10^-5 cm/s。黄河三角洲粉质盐碱土结构致密,孔隙狭小不连通,不能为水分下渗提供充足的渗流通道,导致该地区土壤渗透性较差。综合考虑该地区土壤结构特征与渗透性,对其进行治理时,建议掺杂砂石,以打破原始结构,增加渗流通道。In this paper,the relationship between soil structure characteristics and permeability of silty saline-alkali soil in the Yellow River Delta was analyzed by SEM and Mercury intrusion test combined with soil permeability coefficient.The results showed that:the undisturbed saline-alkali soil particles in the Yellow River Delta were closely arranged in a mosaic pattern,the pores were narrow and disconnected,the pores were mainly small pores and micropores,and the pore size was small;through the permeability test on the undisturbed soil,it was obtained that the permeability coefficient of the undisturbed soil was 6.46×10^-5 cm/s,and the permeability was weak.After the soil was remodeled,the permeability coefficient of saline-alkali soil decreased to 2.40×10^-5 cm/s due to the destruction of flocculants and the high content of silt particles in saline-alkali soil.The silty saline-alkali soil in the Yellow River Delta has a dense structure,narrow pores and no connectivity,which cannot provide sufficient seepage channels for water infiltration,resulting in poor soil permeability in this area.Considering the characteristics of soil structure and permeability in this area,it is suggested to mix sand and gravel to break the original structure and increase the seepage channel.

关 键 词：结构特征 渗透性 盐碱土 黄河三角洲 

分 类 号：S152.4[农业科学—土壤学]