砂姜黑土区有无作物生长土壤水与地下水转化关系研究  

Study on the Relationship Between Soil Water and Groundwater Conversion in Wheat Field and Bare Land in Lime Concretion Black Soil

作　　者：张晓萌 王振龙[2] 杜富慧[1] 王兵[2] 李瑞[2] 路璐 ZHANG Xiao-meng;WANG Zhen-long;DU Fu-hui;WANG Bing;LI Rui;LU Lu(Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056000, Hebei Province, China;Water Resources Research Institute of Anhui Province, Bengbu 233000, Anhui Province, China)

机构地区：[1]河北工程大学,河北邯郸056000 [2]安徽省(水利部淮委)水利科学研究院,安徽蚌埠233000

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2020年第2期57-60,共4页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题(2017YFC0404504)。

摘　　要：为研究砂姜黑土区有无作物生长条件下土壤水与地下水的转化关系,采用五道沟实验站蒸渗仪1991-2015年10^-5月份小麦生长期及同期裸地不同地下水埋深水平下蒸发和入渗实测资料,分析了不同下垫面条件下潜水蒸发量、入渗补给量和潜水补耗差随地下水埋深变化规律。结果表明:小麦生长条件下,潜水蒸发主要发生在2.5 m以浅,裸地潜水蒸发主要发生在0.4 m以浅,且其均随地下水埋深增加而递减;裸地累积入渗补给量大于小麦地累积入渗补给量,均随地下水埋深增大而减小,裸地与小麦地累积入渗量之间差值随地下水埋深的增大呈先增加后减少趋势,在2~3 m时小麦地蓄水能力最大;在种植小麦条件下,潜水补耗差与地下水埋深呈对数关系,土壤水与地下水转化量的均衡临界埋深为1.62 m,地下水埋深小于1.62 m,潜水消耗起主导作用,地下水向土壤水转化,大于1.62 m,土壤水补给地下水,裸地条件下土壤水与地下水转化量的均衡临界埋深0.2~0.5 m之间。土壤水与地下水的转化受作物和均衡临界埋深共同影响。In order to study the relationship between soil water and groundwater under the conditions of wheat and bare land growth in lime concretion black soil, the measured date of the evaporation and infiltration in the wheat field and the bare land in wheat growth period for different groundwater depth at the Wudaogou Hydrological Experimental Station from October to May in 1991-2015 were used to analyze the variation of phreatic evaporation, infiltration replenishment and submersible replenishment under different underlying surface conditions with groundwater depth. The results showed that under the wheat growth condition, the evaporation of phreatic water mainly occurred at 2.5 m, while the evaporation of bare phreatic water mainly occurred at 0.4 m, and both decreased with the increase of groundwater depth. The cumulative infiltration replenishment of bare land was higher than the cumulative infiltration recharge under the condition of planting wheat, which decreased with the increase of groundwater depth. The difference between the infiltration of bare land and wheat field increased first and then decreased with the increase of groundwater depth, and the water storage capacity of wheat field was the highest at 2~3 m.Under the condition of planting wheat, the difference between the dive consumption and the groundwater depth was logarithm, the equilibrium critical depth of soil water and groundwater conversion was 1.62 m. When the groundwater depth was less than 1.62 m, the diving consumption played a leading role, the groundwater converted to soil water, while when the groundwater depth was greater than 1.62 m, the soil water recharged to groundwater. The equilibrium critical depth of soil water and groundwater conversion under bare soil conditions was between 0.2 and 0.5 m. The transformation of soil water and groundwater was affected by crop and equilibrium critical depth.

关 键 词：潜水蒸发量 入渗补给量 潜水补耗差 均衡临界深度 砂姜黑土 

分 类 号：S152.7[农业科学—土壤学]