期待可能性理论的体系风险及中国态度  

The Systemic Defect and Chinese Context of Zumutbarkeit Theory

作　　者：董文蕙[1] 吴辉龙 DONG Wen-hui;WU Hui-long(School of Law, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学法学院,广东广州510006

出　　处：《华南理工大学学报（社会科学版）》2020年第3期49-57,共9页Journal of South China University of Technology(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：教育部社会科学青年基金项目“被害人视角下涉P2P集资类犯罪的刑法规制研究”(19YJC820009);广州市哲学社会科学“十三五规划”规划课题“互联网金融创新异化的刑事规制研究”(2019GZYB18)。

摘　　要：我国学界对期待可能性理论在国内外实务中的状况缺乏全面了解,通过对中、德、日判例的历史考察可以揭示该理论的弊端及风险。期待可能性理论内涵、外延及适用范围模糊不清容易被滥用,虽然日本学者予以类型化,但实际上却产生了新的问题,即大部分类型化不过是将现有各种刑法理论置于其中,并在一定程度上有损现有刑法体系,造成原有刑法理论与该理论之间界限不明。虽然该理论于德、日社会混乱时期发挥过重要作用,但具有历史局限性,因此应当放弃期待可能性理论,而以答责性理论作为解释根据,构建走向未来的精密而规范的刑法教义学。Chinese academic circles do not have a comprehensive grasp of the Zumutbarkeit Theory.We are supposed to reveal the defects and risks of this theory throughout the cases of China,Germany and Japan.The concept,connotative meaning,denotative meaning and application of this theory are abstract and impractical,so it is inclined to be abused and even misused.Although Japanese scholars attempt to make it specific and concrete by categorization,however,some problems have arisen.The categorization just puts some traditional criminal theory into it.Therefore,this meanings is harmful to the whole system of criminal law,because we cannot distinguish between Zumutbarkeit Theory and existing theories of criminal law.Although it does have a role to play in the society of Germany and Japan when their economy is in a mess.However,as time goes on it is of no avail.So we need to give up Zumutbarkeit Theory,and let the Verantwortlichkeit Theory lead us to the future which is more specific and empirical,so that we can get to the interpretation of criminal law.

关 键 词：期待可能性理论 体系风险 答责性理论 

分 类 号：DF611[政治法律—刑法学]