四川核桃遗传资源评价及优良无性系选育  

Evaluation of Genetic Resources and Breeding of Superior Clones of Walnut in Sichuan

作　　者：时羽杰 汪志燚 糜加轩 肖徐 万雪琴[1] SHI Yujie;WANG Zhiyi;MI Jiaxuan;XIAO Xu;WAN Xueqin(College of Forestry,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学林学院,成都611130

出　　处：《四川农业大学学报》2020年第2期152-160,共9页Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University

基　　金：四川省科技计划项目(2016NYZ003)。

摘　　要：【目的】对四川崇州市种植的65个无性系879株核桃的经济性状进行研究,为四川核桃优良无性系的选育提供一套合适的评价方法。【方法】测定了核桃无性系的地径及抗病性进行初步筛选,对筛选后核桃的17个经济性状指标进行测定,采用主成分分析对其进行综合评价。【结果】经过初步筛选有9个核桃无性系的适应性和抗病性较强,再利用主成分分析法,提取了5个主成分,累计方差贡献率达92.396%,可以代表核桃干果、鲜果、果形、粗脂肪和粗蛋白含量5种利用类型的相关指标。建立了核桃经济指标综合评价模型:Y综=0.3222Y1+0.19615Y2+0.17466Y3+0.14325Y4-0.0877Y5。其中CZ-65号的整体品质最优,可考虑作为引种四川的优良无性系,而其余单项性状指标表现优异的无性系则适宜作为遗传资源进行品种改良研究。【方法】综合评价模型的建立可以为核桃优良无性系的选育与推广提供理论依据。【Objective】The economic characters of 879 walnut plants of 65 clones planted in Chongzhou City,Sichuan Province were studied in order to provide a set of suitable evaluation methods for the breeding of excellent walnut clones in Sichuan.【Method】The ground diameter and disease resistance of walnut clones were determined,and 17 economic character indexes of walnut after screening were determined,and the principal component analysis was used to evaluate them comprehensively.【Result】After preliminary screening,9 walnut clones had strong suitability and disease resistance,and then five principal components were extracted by principal component analysis,and the cumulative variance contribution rate reached 92.396%.It can represent the relevant indicators of five utilization types of walnut dry fruit,fresh fruit,fruit shape,crude fat and crude protein content.A comprehensive evaluation model of walnut economic index was established:Yz=0.3222Y1+0.19615Y2+0.17466Y3+0.14325Y4-0.0877Y5.Among them,CZ-65 has the best overall quality and can be considered as an excellent clone introduced to Sichuan,while the other clones with excellent single character indexes are suitable to be used as genetic resources for variety improvement.【Conclusion】The establishment of comprehensive evaluation model can provide theoretical basis for the selection and popularization of excellent walnut clones.

关 键 词：核桃 无性系 经济性状 主成分分析 综合评价 

分 类 号：S664.1[农业科学—果树学] S158[农业科学—园艺学]