七天一刀刺激割胶对PR107产量及生理参数的影响  

Effects of D7 Stimulated Tapping System on Yield and Physiological Parameters of Rubber Tree Clone PR107

作　　者：杨文凤[1] 罗世巧[1] 吴明[1] 魏芳[1] 仇键[1] 高宏华[1] 校现周 YANG Wenfeng;LUO Shiqiao;WU Ming;WEI Fang;QIU Jian;GAO Honghua;XIAO Xianzhou(Rubber Research Institute,CATAS/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Rubber Tree,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,P.R.China/State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Cultivation&Physiology of Tropical Crops,Haikou,Hainan 571101,China)

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所/农业农村部橡胶树生物学与遗传资源利用重点实验室/省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地-海南省热带作物栽培生理学重点试验室,海南海口571101

出　　处：《热带农业科学》2020年第3期6-12,共7页Chinese Journal of Tropical Agriculture

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(No.CARS-33-ZP4);中国热带农业科学院基本科研业务费专项资金(No.1630022017021)。

摘　　要：分析七天一刀(d7)刺激割胶对橡胶树PR107产量和产排胶相关生理参数的影响,为超低频割胶技术的应用提供参考依据。以开割19年的PR107为材料,比较了d7和d4刺激割胶对胶树的干胶产量、干胶含量及胶乳硫醇、蔗糖、无机磷、镁离子含量、黄色体破裂指数等生理参数的影响。结果表明:将割胶频率从d4降低到d7,同时将刺激浓度从3.5%提高到4.0%,3年累计割胶刀数减少了30.5%,年均株产干胶减少10.4%~24.0%,但株次干胶产量增加了11.9%~28.1%,对胶树的各项生理指标没有负面影响。d7割制下3种刺激剂中乳剂的刺激增产效果优于糊剂,乙烯气体的刺激效果逐年增强,但干含下降明显。从当前橡胶生产形势来看,d7超低频割胶具有良好的应用前景,将成为解决胶工紧缺问题的有效技术手段。An attempt was made to study the rubber yield and some latex physiological parameters under d7 stimulated tapping system to provide some references for super-low frequency tapping. Rubber trees of clone PR107 which had been tapped for 19 years were tapped under d7 and d4 stimulated tapping systems to compare the effects of these two tapping systems on the rubber yield and contents of dry rubber(DRC), latex thiol(R-SH), sucrose(SUC), inorganic phosphorus(Pi), magnesium ions(Mg2+) and lutoid bursting index(BI). When the tapping frequency was reduced from d4 to d7 and the stimulant concentration increased from 3.5% to 4.0%, the cumulative number of tapping decreased by 30.5% in 3 years of tapping, and the annual average dry rubber yield per tree decreased by 10.4%-24.0%, but the yield per tree per tapping increased by 11.9%-28.1%. The d7 tapping system with stimulation has no negative effect on the physiological parameters of the rubber trees. Three latex stimulants used for d7 tapping system were compared, in which the emulsion stimulant had better effect than the paste, and the stimulant ethylene gas showed a gradual increase in stimulation effect year by year, but decreased the dry rubber content. Under the low rubber price and shortage of skilled tappers the d7 stimulated tapping system will have a good application prospect to solve the tapper shortage problem.

关 键 词：橡胶树 超低频 割胶 干胶产量 

分 类 号：S682.31[农业科学—观赏园艺]