基于多目标遗传算法和FLUS模型的西北农牧交错带土地利用优化配置  

Land Use Optimization Configuration based on Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm and FLUS Model of Agro-pastoral Ecotone in Northwest China

作　　者：杨露 颉耀文[1] 宗乐丽 邱天 焦继宗[1] YANG Lu;XIE Yaowen;ZONG Leli;QIU Tian;JIAO Jizong(College of Earth and Environmental Sciences,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学资源环境学院,兰州730000

出　　处：《地球信息科学学报》2020年第3期568-579,共12页Journal of Geo-information Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41530752、41471163、41601064);国家科技基础资源调查项目(2017FY101003)。

摘　　要：西北农牧交错带生态环境脆弱,区位特殊性和生态重要性使其在我国社会经济发展和生态环境保护方面具有重要战略意义。通过对该区域进行土地利用优化配置,使有限的土地资源支撑起生态环境保护和经济发展的重任是本文的出发点。多目标遗传算法和FLUS模型的应用可以从多方面(数量结构、空间布局、综合效益)完善土地利用优化配置,为土地利用优化配置提供更多的选择方案。本文选用多目标遗传算法和FLUS模型对该区域进行2025年的土地利用变化模拟,通过设置自然发展、生态保护优先、经济发展优先、生态-经济均衡4种情景,探讨了如何在兼顾生态环境保护与社会经济发展的情况下进行土地利用的优化配置。结果表明,基于生态-经济均衡情景下的优化方案,土地利用类型的数量结构和空间布局更为合理,其综合效益优于另外3种情景。该情景在合理限制经济发展速度的前提下,使生态建设获得稳定发展,其经济效益较生态保护优先情景下增长了8.96%,生态效益较经济发展优先情景下增长了0.77%,在生态保护与经济发展2种目标之间达到平衡,为西北农牧交错带的土地利用规划提供了决策辅助。The ecological environment of the agro-pastoral ecotone in Northwest China is extremely fragile. Due to global warming, the frequent droughts in this region have seriously affected agriculture and animal husbandry,which is not conducive to the sustainable socio-economic development of the agro-pastoral ecotone there. It is the special location and ecological value that determine the region has an important strategic significance in socio-economic development and ecological environment protection in China. The usage of land resources plays an important role in not only the ecological environment, but the socio-economy. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to achieve ecological environmental protection and economic development by optimizing the allocation of limited land resources in the region. The application of multi-objective genetic algorithm and FLUS model can improve the land use optimization configuration from many aspects(i.e., quantitative structure, spatial distribution, comprehensive benefits). In addition, the combination of the genetic algorithm and multi-objective programming model can provide more alternative options for it. In this paper, the multi-objective genetic algorithm and FLUS model are used to simulate the land use change of the region in 2025. By setting up four scenarios(i.e., natural development, ecological protection priority, economic development priority and ecoeconomic equilibrium), we explore how to optimize land use allocation on the condition of considering both the protection of ecological environment and the development of social economy. The results suggest that the ecoeconomic equilibrium optimization scheme shows great advantages in both the quantitative structure and spatial distribution of land use types, and its comprehensive benefits are superior to the other three scenarios. On the premise of reasonably limiting the speed of economic development, this scenario has enabled the ecological construction to develop at stable speed. Its economic benefits have increased by

关 键 词：土地利用优化 多目标遗传算法 FLUS模型 MARKOV Chain GM(1 1)模型 生态环境保护 生态-经济均衡 西北农牧交错带 

分 类 号：F321.1[经济管理—产业经济]